Korean J Intern Med.  2004 Jun;19(2):87-92.

A High Carbohydrate Diet Induces Insulin Resistance Through Decreased Glucose Utilization in Ovariectomized Rats

• Park SM
• Park CH
• Wha JD
• Choi SB

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Recent research has reported that high sugar diets increase insulin resistance, without abdominal obesity, in male, but not female Wister rats. Whether a high sucrose (SU) diet increased insulin resistance in ovariectomized (OVX) rats was determined. METHODS: Female Sprague Dawley rats, weighing 273 +/- 20 g, had either an ovariectomy or a sham operation (sham). OVX and sham rats were divided into two groups: one group had a 68 En% SU diet and the other a 68 En% starch (ST) diet for 8 weeks. RESULTS: The body weight was higher in the OVX than the sham rats, regardless of dietary carbohydrate subtype. The fasting serum glucose levels did not differ according to diet and ovariectomy. However, the fasting serum insulin levels were higher in the OVX than the sham rats, and in the OVX rats, a high SU diet increased the serum insulin levels more than a high ST diet. The whole body glucose disposal rates, which referred to the state of insulin sensitivity, were lower in the OVX rats fed both the high SU and ST diets, compared to sham rats. Glycogen deposits in the soleus and quadriceps muscles were lower in the OVX rats fed high SU and ST diets than in sham rats. The glucose transporter 4 content and fraction velocity of glycogen synthase in muscles showed similar glucose disposal rates. However, the triacylglycerol content in the muscles were higher in the OVX rats with a high SU diet than those with a high ST diet. CONCLUSION: These results suggested that an OVX increased the weight gain due to higher food intakes, regardless of dietary carbohydrate subtypes. OVX-induced obesity may be involved in the induction of insulin resistance from an increased triacylglycerol content, decreased glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis in skeletal muscles, regardless of dietary carbohydrate subtypes.

Keyword

Ovariectomy; Sucrose; Euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp; Glycogen synthase activity; Glucose transporter 4

MeSH Terms

Animals
Blood Glucose/*drug effects/*metabolism
Body Weight/drug effects
Dietary Carbohydrates/*administration & dosage
Energy Intake/drug effects
Estradiol/blood
Female
Glucose Clamp Technique
Glucose Transporter Type 4/drug effects/metabolism
Glycogen/metabolism
Glycogen Synthase/drug effects/metabolism
Insulin/blood
*Insulin Resistance
Leptin/blood
Models, Animal
Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
*Ovariectomy
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Time Factors
Triglycerides/metabolism