J Mult Scler Neuroimmunol.
2025 Dec;16(2):60-65. 10.59578/jmsni.2025.16.2.60-65.
Aquaporin-4 Antibody-Positive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder Triggered by Herpes Zoster: A Case Report and Literature Review
- Affiliations
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- 1Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
- 2Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- KMID: 2576210
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.59578/jmsni.2025.16.2.60-65
Abstract
- We report the case of a 70-year-old female who developed acute transverse myelitis 1 month after herpes zoster infection and was diagnosed with aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. The patient was treated with high-dose corticosteroid and intravenous immunoglobulin therapy and her serum AQP4 antibody seroconverted to negative 3 months later. This case suggests that varicella-zoster virus reactivation may trigger transient AQP4 autoimmunity and highlights the clinical significance of post-treatment seroreversion in distinguishing infection-triggered from idiopathic neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.
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