J Periodontal Implant Sci.  2024 Oct;54(5):309-321. 10.5051/jpis.2303820191.

Bone regeneration using activin A/BMP2 chimera (AB204) with collagen membrane in rats with calvarial defects

• Yum H
• Han Hs
• Lee JT
• Cho YD
• Kim S

• KMID: 2570981
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5051/jpis.2303820191

Abstract

Purpose
Collagen has long been recognized as an excellent carrier for growth factors, and membrane-type collagen has been widely applied in dentistry for guided bone regeneration. This study was conducted to examine the effects of an activin A/BMP2 chimera (AB204) combined with a collagen membrane (CM) on bone repair in a rat calvarial defect model.
Methods
A unilateral calvarial defect measuring 5.0 mm was surgically created in 32 Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were then randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups, each consisting of 8 animals: control (untreated), CM (treated with a CM only), CM/bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) (treated with a CM and 1.0 μg of BMP2), and CM/AB204 (treated with a CM and 1.0 μg of AB204). Bone regeneration was evaluated using micro-computed tomography (CT) and histological analysis at 2 and 4 weeks following surgery.
Results
Micro-CT analysis revealed that bone formation in the CM/BMP2 and CM/AB204 groups was superior to that observed in the control and CM groups at both 2 and 4 weeks postoperatively. BMP2 induced greater bone regeneration than AB204 at 2 weeks; however, AB204 resulted in a greater bone volume at 4 weeks, achieving the highest values recorded. No significant differences were found between the CM/BMP2 and CM/AB204 groups at either time point (P>0.05). On histological examination, new bone formation was evident in both CM/BMP2 and CM/AB204 groups.
Conclusions
Within the limitations of this study, the findings indicate that AB204 may enhance osteogenic potential when used in combination with CM for bone regeneration.

Keyword

Activin A; BMP2; Bone regeneration; Collagen; Membrane