Int J Thyroidol.  2022 Nov;15(2):68-73. 10.11106/ijt.2022.15.2.68.

Risk Factors and Prevention (New Technology) for Hypoparathyroidism after Thyroidectomy

• Kim WW

• KMID: 2536492
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.11106/ijt.2022.15.2.68

Abstract

Despite the development of various instruments and techniques for thyroid surgery, the most common complication after total thyroidectomy is hypoparathyroidism. Among them, direct damage to the parathyroid glands, unintentional removal, and blockage of blood flow are the main causes of hypoparathyroidism. In addition, preoperative risk factors include vitamin D and magnesium deficiency, hypoparathyroidism, and intraoperative risk factors include total thyroidectomy, thyroid cancer, thyroiditis, substernal or mutinodular goiter, parathyroidectomy, and lymphadenectomy. In order to preserve the function of parathyroid gland, the parathyroid gland should be identified, and the parathyroid gland and its blood vessels should be well preserved. If the parathyroid gland is unintentionally removed or the perfusion of parathyroid gland is poor, there is high possibility of permanent hypoparathyroidism after surgery, so autotransplantation of the parathyroid gland is necessary. The purpose of this article is to review the risk factors for hypoparathyroidism after total thyroidectomy and how to prevent it.

Keyword

Hypoparathyroidism; Prevention; Risk factors; Thyroidectomy