J Dent Anesth Pain Med.  2022 Dec;22(6):437-442. 10.17245/jdapm.2022.22.6.437.

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for pain during propofol injection: a randomized clinical trial

• Lee D
• Jin J
• Kim JH
• Oh J
• Jeon Y

• KMID: 2536402
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.17245/jdapm.2022.22.6.437

Abstract

Background
Propofol is a short-acting intravenous sedative widely used for procedural sedation and general anesthesia. However, pain during propofol injection is a distressing adverse effect. This study was designed to investigate whether transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) could reduce pain during propofol injection compared to sham TENS.
Methods
In a randomized controlled trial, 80 patients were allocated to two groups: the active TENS group received electrical stimulation via two electrodes on the venous cannulation site, whereas the sham TENS group received no stimulus. After 20 min following TENS, propofol 0.5 mg/kg pain was injected intravenously and pain was evaluated using a four-point score (0 = none, 1 = mild, 2 = moderate, 3 = severe). Adverse effects associated with TENS were also recorded.
Results
The overall incidence of pain during propofol injection was 47.5% in the TENS group and 87.5% in the sham group (P < 0.001). The incidence of moderate pain was significantly lower in the TENS group (7.5%) than in the sham TENS group (42.5%) (P < 0.001). There were no complications associated with TENS.
Conclusion
Pre-treatment with TENS significantly reduced the incidence and intensity of pain during propofol injection.

Keyword

Intravenous Injections; Pain; Propofol; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation