J Korean Acad Nurs Adm.
2022 Sep;28(4):361-370. 10.11111/jkana.2022.28.4.361.
Nursing Students’ Orientation toward Patient-Centered Care: Testing the Effects of Empathy and Psychological Capital Using a Mediation Model
- Affiliations
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- 1Professor, College of Nursing, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
- 2Post-Doctoral Fellow, College of Nursing, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
- 3Professor, Department of Nursing, Chungbuk National University, Chungju, Korea
- 4Associate Professor, Department of Nursing, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
- 5Associate Professor, Department of Nursing, Daejeon Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
- 6Professor, College of Nursing and Health, Kongju National University, Kongju, Korea
- 7Associate Professor, College of Nursing, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea
- 8Assistant Professor, College of Nursing, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
- KMID: 2536056
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2022.28.4.361
Abstract
- Purpose
This study aims to determine nursing students’ orientation toward patient-centered care (PCC) and identify its influencing factors: their personality traits, empathy, and psychological capital (PsyCap). A mediating model was used to test the role of PsyCap in the association between empathy and PCC.
Methods
This cross-sectional study included 300 nursing students from seven universities in South Korea. Their orientation toward PCC was measured using the Patient-Practitioner Orientation Scale (PPOS). Moreover, we analyzed the data using independent t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson's r, and SPSS PROCESS macro.
Results
The overall mean score on the PPOS was 3.82±0.43, with the Caring and Sharing subscales accounting for 3.95±0.68 and 3.69±0.50, respectively. Nursing students’ satisfaction with their majors, practicums, and motivation for choosing this profession was significantly related to Caring-not Sharing. Nevertheless, PsyCap positively influenced both Caring (β=.24, p<.001) and Sharing (β=.18, p=.002). While empathy failed to significantly impact both Caring (β=.12, p=.087) and Sharing (β=.01, p=.931). PsyCap mediated the association of empathy with Caring (β=.20, p=.004); however, the same was not true for Sharing (β=.07, p=.366).
Conclusion
The findings indicate that the orientation of Korean nursing students toward PCC is not high. Therefore, to improve the PPOS Caring subscale, nurse educators should formulate better strategies to enhance nursing students’ satisfaction with their major and practicums, empathy, and PsyCap. The importance of sharing health-related information with patients and family caregivers should be emphasized in the nursing curriculum.
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