J Korean Diabetes.  2022 Mar;23(1):1-6. 10.4093/jkd.2022.23.1.1.

Glucose-Lowering Agents and COVID-19

Affiliations
  • 1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is continuing to spread around the world despite the introduction of vaccines. Individuals with diabetes have been reported to have more severe clinical outcomes of COVID-19 infection. As there is potential that glucose-lowering agents can influence the clinical outcomes in diabetic patients with COVID-19, a number of studies are ongoing to explore the differences in clinical outcomes related to glucose-lowering agents. In this article, I summarize the published research on the relationship between glucose-lowering agents and clinical outcomes of diabetic patients with COVID-19 and suggest clinical consideration for usage of glucose-lowering agents.

Keyword

COVID-19; Diabetes mellitus; Hypoglycemic agents; SARS-CoV-2

Reference

1.Apicella M., Campopiano MC., Mantuano M., Mazoni L., Coppelli A., Del Prato S. COVID-19 in people with diabetes: understanding the reasons for worse outcomes. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2020. 8:782–92. Erratum in: Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2020;8:e5-6.
Article
2.Barron E., Bakhai C., Kar P., Weaver A., Bradley D., Ismail H, et al. Associations of type 1 and type 2 diabetes with COVID-19-related mortality in England: a whole-population study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2020. 8:813–22.
Article
3.Holman N., Knighton P., Kar P., O'Keefe J., Curley M., Weaver A, et al. Risk factors for COVID-19-related mortality in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in England: a pop-ulation-based cohort study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2020. 8:823–33.
Article
4.Cariou B., Hadjadj S., Wargny M., Pichelin M., Al-Salameh A., Allix I, et al. Phenotypic characteristics and prognosis of inpatients with COVID-19 and diabetes: the CORO-NADO study. Diabetologia. 2020. 63:1500–15. Erratum in: Diabetologia 2020;63:1953-7.
Article
5.Drucker DJ. Coronavirus infections and type 2 diabetes-shared pathways with therapeutic implications. Endo-cr Rev. 2020. 41:bnaa011.
Article
6.Pal R., Bhadada SK. Should anti-diabetic medications be reconsidered amid COVID-19 pandemic? Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2020. 163:108146.
Article
7.Feng Y., Wang L., Ma X., Yang X., Don O., Chen X, et al. Effect of hCMSCs and liraglutide combination in ALI through cAMP/PKAc/β-catenin signaling pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2020. 11:2.
Article
8.Monda VM., Porcellati F., Strollo F., Gentile S. ACE2 and SARS-CoV-2 infection: might GLP-1 receptor agonists play a role? Diabetes Ther. 2020. 11:1909–14.
Article
9.Rhee SY., Lee J., Nam H., Kyoung DS., Shin DW., Kim DJ. Effects of a DPP-4 inhibitor and RAS blockade on clinical outcomes of patients with diabetes and COVID-19. Diabetes Metab J. 2021. 45:251–9.
Article
10.Crouse AB., Grimes T., Li P., Might M., Ovalle F., Shalev A. Metformin use is associated with reduced mortality in a diverse population with COVID-19 and diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2021. 11:600439.
Article
11.Yang Y., Cai Z., Zhang J. DPP-4 inhibitors may improve the mortality of coronavirus disease 2019: a meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2021. 16:e0251916.
Article
12.Solerte SB., D'Addio F., Trevisan R., Lovati E., Rossi A., Pastore I, et al. Sitagliptin treatment at the time of hos-pitalization was associated with reduced mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and COVID-19: a multicenter, case-control, retrospective, observational study. Diabetes Care. 2020. 43:2999–3006.
Article
13.Zhang J., Dong J., Martin M., He M., Gongol B., Marin TL, et al. AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in endothelium mit-igates pulmonary hypertension. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2018. 198:509–20.
Article
14.Bornstein SR., Rubino F., Khunti K., Mingrone G., Hopkins D., Birkenfeld AL, et al. Practical recommendations for the management of diabetes in patients with COVID-19. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2020. 8:546–50.
Article
15.Sinclair A., Dhatariya K., Burr O., Nagi D., Higgins K., Hopkins D, et al. Guidelines for the management of diabetes in care homes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Diabet Med. 2020. 37:1090–3.
Article
16.Cheng X., Liu YM., Li H., Zhang X., Lei F., Qin JJ, et al. Metformin is associated with higher incidence of acidosis, but not mortality, in individuals with COVID-19 and pre-ex-isting type 2 diabetes. Cell Metab. 2020. 32:537–47.e3.
Article
17.Luo P., Qiu L., Liu Y., Liu XL., Zheng JL., Xue HY, et al. Metformin treatment was associated with decreased mortality in COVID-19 patients with diabetes in a retrospective analysis. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2020. 103:69–72.
Article
18.Bramante CT., Ingraham NE., Murray TA., Marmor S., Hovertsen S., Gronski J, et al. Metformin and risk of mortality in patients hospitalised with COVID-19: a retrospective cohort analysis. Lancet Healthy Longev. 2021. 2:e34–41.
Article
19.Vankadari N., Wilce JA. Emerging WuHan (COVID-19) coronavirus: glycan shield and structure prediction of spike glycoprotein and its interaction with human CD26. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2020. 9:601–4.
20.Hoffmann M., Kleine-Weber H., Schroeder S., Krüger N., Herrler T., Erichsen S, et al. SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor. Cell. 2020. 181:271–80.e8.
Article
21.Wargny M., Potier L., Gourdy P., Pichelin M., Amadou C., Benhamou PY, et al. Predictors of hospital discharge and mortality in patients with diabetes and COVID-19: up-dated results from the nationwide CORONADO study. Diabetologia. 2021. 64:778–94.
Article
22.Chen Y., Yang D., Cheng B., Chen J., Peng A., Yang C, et al. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with diabetes and COVID-19 in association with glucose-low-ering medication. Diabetes Care. 2020. 43:1399–407.
Article
23.Strollo R., Maddaloni E., Dauriz M., Pedone C., Buzzetti R., Pozzilli P. Use of DPP4 inhibitors in Italy does not cor-relate with diabetes prevalence among COVID-19 deaths. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2021. 171:108444.
Article
24.Kim MK., Jeon JH., Kim SW., Moon JS., Cho NH., Han E, et al. The clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with moderate-to-severe coronavirus disease 2019 infection and diabetes in Daegu, South Korea. Diabetes Metab J. 2020. 44:602–13.
Article
25.Dalan R., Ang LW., Tan WYT., Fong SW., Tay WC., Chan YH, et al. The association of hypertension and diabetes pharmacotherapy with COVID-19 severity and immune signatures: an observational study. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother. 2021. 7:e48–51.
Article
26.Abuhasira R., Ayalon-Dangur I., Zaslavsky N., Koren R., Keller M., Dicker D, et al. A randomized clinical trial of linagliptin vs. standard of care in patients hospitalized with diabetes and COVID-19. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2021. 12:794382.
Article
27.Dekkers CCJ., Petrykiv S., Laverman GD., Cherney DZ., Gansevoort RT., Heerspink HJL. Effects of the SGLT-2 inhibitor dapagliflozin on glomerular and tubular injury markers. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2018. 20:1988–93.
Article
28.Izzi-Engbeaya C., Distaso W., Amin A., Yang W., Idowu O., Kenkre JS, et al. Adverse outcomes in COVID-19 and diabetes: a retrospective cohort study from three London teaching hospitals. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care. 2021. 9:e001858.
Article
29.Romaní-Pérez M., Outeiriño-Iglesias V., Moya CM., San-tisteban P., González-Matías LC., Vigo E, et al. Activation of the GLP-1 receptor by liraglutide increases ACE2 expression, reversing right ventricle hypertrophy, and im-proving the production of SP-A and SP-B in the lungs of type 1 diabetes rats. Endocrinology. 2015. 156:3559–69.
Article
30.Pérez-Belmonte LM., Torres-Peña JD., López-Carmona MD., Ayala-Gutiérrez MM., Fuentes-Jiménez F., Huerta LJ, et al. Mortality and other adverse outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted for COVID-19 in association with glucose-lowering drugs: a nationwide cohort study. BMC Med. 2020. 18:359.
Article
31.Khunti K., Knighton P., Zaccardi F., Bakhai C., Barron E., Holman N, et al. Prescription of glucose-lowering thera-pies and risk of COVID-19 mortality in people with type 2 diabetes: a nationwide observational study in England. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2021. 9:293–303.
Article
Full Text Links
  • JKD
Actions
Cited
CITED
export Copy
Close
Share
  • Twitter
  • Facebook
Similar articles
Copyright © 2024 by Korean Association of Medical Journal Editors. All rights reserved.     E-mail: koreamed@kamje.or.kr