Genomics Inform.  2022 Mar;20(1):e11. 10.5808/gi.21065.

Designing a novel mRNA vaccine against Vibrio harveyi infection in fish: an immunoinformatics approach

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Fisheries and Marine Bioscience, Faculty of Biological Science, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
  • 2Chulalongkorn University, Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Technology, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
  • 3Department of Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, Faculty of Earth and Life Science, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
  • 4Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
  • 5Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Pakistan
  • 6Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan

Abstract

Vibrio harveyi belongs to the Vibrio genus that causes vibriosis in marine and aquatic fish species through double-stranded DNA virus replication. In humans, around 12 Vibrio species can cause gastroenteritis (gastrointestinal illness). A large amount of virus particles can be found in the cytoplasm of infected cells, which may cause death. Despite these devastating complications, there is still no cure or vaccine for the virus. As a result, we used an immunoinformatics approach to develop a multi-epitope vaccine against most pathogenic hemolysin gene of V. harveyi. The immunodominant T- and B-cell epitopes were identified using the hemolysin protein. We developed a vaccine employing three possible epitopes: cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, helper T-lymphocytes, and linear B-lymphocyte epitopes, after thorough testing. The vaccine was developed to be antigenic, immunogenic, and non-allergenic, as well as having a better solubility. Molecular dynamics simulation revealed significant structural stiffness and binding stability. In addition, the immunological simulation generated by computer revealed that the vaccination might elicit immune reactions in the actual life after injection. Finally, using Escherichia coli K12 as a model, codon optimization yielded ideal GC content and a higher codon adaptation index value, which was then included in the cloning vector pET2+ (a). Altogether, our experiment implies that the proposed peptide vaccine might be a good option for vibriosis prophylaxis.

Keyword

immune simulation; molecular dynamics simulation; T-cell epitopes; vaccine design
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