Infect Chemother.  2022 Mar;54(1):195-201. 10.3947/ic.2020.0068.

Pneumonia due to Schizophyllum commune in a Patient with Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Case Report and Literature Review

Affiliations
  • 1Catholic Medical Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
  • 2Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
  • 3Catholic Hematology Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
  • 4Vaccine Bio Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
  • 5Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea

Abstract

Schizophyllum commune is a mold in phylum Basidiomycota and is an uncommon human pathogen. Sinusitis and allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis are the two major diseases caused by S. commune. Although there have been several reports of invasive fungal diseases, most of them were invasive sinusitis. We present a case of invasive fungal pneumonia due to S. commune, developed in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia presenting neutropenic fever. The diagnosis was made by characteristic macroscopic and microscopic findings of fungal isolate and was confirmed via sequencing of internal transcribed spacer region. The patient was improved after 8 weeks of antifungal therapy based on the susceptibility result. We propose that S. commune should be considered as an emerging pathogen of invasive fungal pneumonia when a patient is under immunocompromised state. We also reviewed global literatures focused on the invasive fungal diseases caused by S. commune

Keyword

Fungal infection; Leukemia; Pneumonia; Schizophyllum
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