Diabetes Metab J.  2022 Mar;46(2):297-306. 10.4093/dmj.2021.0038.

Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among Korean Children, Adolescents, and Adults Younger than 30 Years: Changes from 2002 to 2016

• Hong YH
• Chung IH
• Han K
• Chung S
• on Behalf of the Taskforce Team of the Obesity Fact Sheet of the Korean Society for the Study of Obesity

• KMID: 2527722
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2021.0038

Abstract

Background
Despite the importance of and social concern regarding prevention of diabetes at younger ages, limited data are available. This study sought to analyze changes in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Koreans younger than 30 years according to sex, age, and level of income.
Methods
The dataset analyzed in this study was derived from health insurance claims recorded in the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) database. Participants’ level of income was categorized as low (quintile 1, <20% of insurance premium) or others (quintile 2–5).
Results
In males and females, the prevalence of T2DM per 10,000 people steadily increased from 2.57 in 2002 to 11.41 in 2016, and from 1.96 in 2002 to 8.63 in 2016. The prevalence of T2DM in girls was higher in the age group of 5 to 14 years. Even though the prevalence was higher among those older than 20 years, the increase had started earlier, in the early 2000s, in younger age group. Adolescents aged 10 to 19 years in low-income families showed a remarkable increase in prevalence of T2DM, especially in boys.
Conclusion
The prevalence of T2DM in young Koreans increased more than 4.4-fold from 2002 to 2016, and the increase started in the early 2000s in younger age groups and in low-income families. This is the first study to examine the trend in prevalence of T2DM in children, adolescents, and young adults in Korea. Future studies and collaborations with social support systems to prevent T2DM at an early age group should be performed.

Keyword

Adolescent; Child; Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Prevalence; Young adult

Figure

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  Fig. 1. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus per 10,000 people among Korean children, adolescents, and young adults younger than 30 years of age from 2002 to 2016. A difference in the slope between male and female is confirmed with the test for trend, P (P=0.015).

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  Fig. 2. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus per 10,000 people stratified by sex and age among Korean children, adolescents, and young adults younger than 30 years of age from 2002 to 2016. Differences in the slope between groups are confirmed with the test for trend, P. aP for trend <0.05.

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  Fig. 3. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus per 10,000 people stratified by sex, age, and level of income among Korean children, adolescents, and young adults younger than 30 years of age from 2002 to 2016. Differences in the slope between groups are confirmed with the test for trend, P. Mo, male other (quintile 2–5); ML, male low income (quintile 1); Fo, female other (quintile 2–5); FL, female low income (quintile 1). aP for trend <0.05.

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