Anat Cell Biol.  2021 Dec;54(4):424-430. 10.5115/acb.21.110.

Cone-beam computed tomography observation of maxillary first premolar canal shapes

• Yoza T
• Serikawa M
• Sugita T
• Harada T
• Usami A

• KMID: 2523572
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5115/acb.21.110

Abstract

A variety of shapes has been reported for the roots and root canals of maxillary first premolars. The purposes of the present study were to determine branching and shapes of the roots of maxillary first premolars, as well as age-related changes using slice images obtained with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for dental use. CBCT-reconstructed images of 125 cases that included maxillary first premolars were used as subjects. Slice images at the cervical one-third, center, and apical one-third positions of the root were prepared. Root branching and number of root canals was determined at each measurement position in the images. The subjects were divided into three groups: younger than 30 years, 30 to 50 years, and over 50 years. The root canal morphology was compared among these age groups. Single-rooted premolars were the most frequent. As for number of root canals, a single-canal premolar was observed at the position of the cervical one-third in 33.6%, at the center in 35.2%, and at the apical one-third in 56.0%. Thereafter the subjects were divided into groups by age, namely, younger than 30 years, 30 to 50 years, and over 50 years old, and it was revealed that the ratio of the two-canal type increased with age. In regard to tooth morphology, it was confirmed that the two-canal type shows more frequent occurrence with aging in maxillary first premolar. Based on our findings, we consider that CBCT can be useful for determining the root canal morphology with complicated shapes.

Keyword

Maxillary first premolar; Cone-beam computed tomography; Aging; Root canal

Figure

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  Fig. 1 The axial slice images of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) revealed different numbers of roots of the maxillary first premolars. Slice images at cervical one-third (A–C), root center (D–F), and apical one-third (G–I). Slice images of one root (A, D, G), two roots (B, E, H), and three roots (C, F, I).

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  Fig. 2 Binary image processing. (A) Slice image of root center of left maxillary first premolar. (B) Image analyzed using peri-root portion as area of interest. (C) Binary image of area of interest.

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  Fig. 3 Root canal numbers of the maxillary first premolars divided by age. Left: Occurrence of single canal. Center: Occurrence of two canals. Right: Occurrence of three canals. The shape at the cervical one-third, root center, and apical one-third is shown in the upper, middle, and bottom, respectively. Charts show occurrence after dividing into age groups (from the left: <30, 30–50, 50< years old).

Reference

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