Korean J Gastroenterol.
2021 Nov;78(5):268-283. 10.4166/kjg.2021.140.
Up-to-date Knowledge on the Pathological Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
- Affiliations
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- 1Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- 2Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- KMID: 2522594
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.4166/kjg.2021.140
Abstract
- Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has heterogeneous molecular and pathological features and biological behavior. Large-scale genetic studies of HCC were accumulated, and a pathological-molecular classification of HCC was proposed. Approximately 35% of HCCs can be classified into distinct histopathological subtypes according to their molecular characteristics. Among recently identified subtypes, macrotrabecular massive HCC, neutrophil-rich HCC, vessels encapsulating tumor clusters HCC, and progenitor phenotype HCC (HCC with CK19 expression) are associated with a poor prognosis, whereas the lymphocyte-rich HCC subtype is related to a better prognosis. This review provides up-to-date knowledge on the pathological diagnosis of HCC according to the updated World Health Organization Classification of Digestive System Tumors 5th ed.
