Ann Rehabil Med.  2021 Aug;45(4):264-273. 10.5535/arm.21027.

Effectiveness of Inspiratory Muscle Training on Respiratory Muscle Strength in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgeries: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis

• Dsouza FV
• Amaravadi SK
• Samuel SR
• Raghavan H
• Ravishankar N

• KMID: 2519633
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5535/arm.21027

Abstract

To determine the effect of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) on pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength (RMS), and functional capacity in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. The PubMed, PEDro, CINAHL, Web of Science, CENTRAL, and EMBASE databases were searched from inception to June 2020. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated patients who underwent cardiac surgery were included in this review. Meta-analysis performed using a random-effects model showed that the mean difference in forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, 6-minute walk distance, and RMS was 3.47% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.57 to 6.36), 5.80% (95% CI, 2.03 to 9.56), 78.05 m (95% CI, 60.92 to 95.18), and 4.8 cmH₂O (95% CI, -4.00 to 13.4), respectively. There is strong evidence that IMT improves inspiratory muscle strength, pulmonary function, and functional capacity, and reduces the length of hospital stay in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Keyword

Cardiac rehabilitation, Respiratory muscle training, Cardiac surgical procedures, Exercise tolerance

Figure

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  Fig. 1. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) flow chart.

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  Fig. 2. Forest plot comparing the intervention group versus control group in the 6-minute walk distance.

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  Fig. 3. Forest plot comparing the intervention group versus control group in forced vital capacity.

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  Fig. 4. Forest plot comparing the intervention group versus control group in forced expiratory volume in 1 second.

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  Fig. 5. Forest plot comparing the intervention group versus control group in maximal inspiratory pressure.

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  Fig. 6. Forest plot comparing the intervention group versus control group in length of hospital stay.

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