Korean Circ J.  2021 Aug;51(8):696-707. 10.4070/kcj.2021.0040.

Association between Body Mass Index and Clinical Outcomes of Peripheral Artery Disease after Endovascular Therapy: Data from K-VIS ELLA Registry

Affiliations
  • 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
  • 2Cardiovascular & Arrhythmia Center, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
  • 3Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
  • 4Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
  • 5Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
  • 6Division of Cardiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
  • 7Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
  • 8Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
  • 9Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
  • 10Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
  • 11Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Korea

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Few studies have investigated the obesity paradox in clinical outcomes of peripheral artery disease (PAD). We investigated the association between body mass index (BMI) and clinical outcomes in PAD patients undergoing endovascular therapy (EVT).
Methods
Patients (n=2,914) from the retrospective Korean Vascular Intervention Society Endovascular Therapy in Lower Limb Artery Disease registry were categorized according to BMI: underweight (<18.5 kg/m2 , n=204), normal weight (18.5–25 kg/m2 , n=1,818), overweight (25–30 kg/m2 , n=766), or obese (≥30 kg/m2 , n=126). Groups were compared for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and major adverse limb events (MALE).
Results
The underweight and obese groups were older and had more frequent critical limb ischemia and infrapopliteal artery disease than the normal or overweight groups (all p<0.001). Hypertension and diabetes were more frequent and current smoking was less frequent in the overweight and obese groups than the underweight or normal weight groups (all p <0.001). The underweight group showed the higher rates of MACE and MALE at 3 years (17.2%, 15.7%) compared with the normal weight (10.8%, 11.7%), overweight (8.4%, 10.7%), or obese groups (8.7%, 14.3%) (log-rank p<0.001, p=0.015). In contrast, the risk of MACE was lower in the overweight than the normal weight group (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.706; 95% CI, 0.537–0.928).
Conclusions
In PAD patients undergoing EVT, underweight was an independent predictor for MACE and MALE, whereas MACE risk was lower for overweight than normal weight patients.

Keyword

Peripheral artery disease; Body mass index; Endovascular procedure; Prognosis

Figure

  • Figure 1 Kaplan-Meier curves of major clinical outcomes according to body mass index categories. (A) MACEs; (B) all-cause death; (C) MALEs; (D) TLR.MACE = major adverse cardiac events; MALE = major adverse limb events; TLR = target lesion revascularization.

  • Figure 2 Negative non-linear association between BMI and risk of MACE (A) or MALE (B). The dotted lines indicate 95% confidence interval.BMI = body mass index; HR = hazard ratio; MACE = major adverse cardiac events; MALE = major adverse limb events.


Cited by  2 articles

“Obesity and Lean Paradox” in Peripheral Artery Disease
Seung Hun Lee, Ju Han Kim
Korean Circ J. 2021;51(8):708-709.    doi: 10.4070/kcj.2021.0229.

Critical Determinants of Chronic Limb Threatening Ischemia After Endovascular Treatment
Wonho Kim
Korean Circ J. 2022;52(6):441-443.    doi: 10.4070/kcj.2022.0064.


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