Korean J Women Health Nurs.  2021 Jun;27(2):75-92. 10.4069/kjwhn.2021.05.13.

Psychosocial support interventions for women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review

• Jung S
• Kim Y
• Park J
• Choi M
• Kim S

• KMID: 2517566
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4069/kjwhn.2021.05.13

Abstract

Purpose
This study aimed to analyze the content and effectiveness of psychosocial support interventions for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
Methods
The following databases were searched with no limitation of the time period: Ovid-MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Ovid-Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, NDSL, KoreaMed, RISS, and KISS. Two investigators independently reviewed and selected articles according to the predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria. ROB 2.0 and the RoBANS 2.0 checklist were used to evaluate study quality.
Results
Based on the 14 selected studies, psychosocial support interventions were provided for the purpose of (1) informational support (including GDM and diabetes mellitus information; how to manage diet, exercise, stress, blood glucose, and weight; postpartum management; and prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus); (2) self-management motivation (setting goals for diet and exercise management, glucose monitoring, and enhancing positive health behaviors); (3) relaxation (practicing breathing and/or meditation); and (4) emotional support (sharing opinions and support). Psychosocial supportive interventions to women with GDM lead to behavioral change, mostly in the form of self-care behavior; they also reduce depression, anxiety and stress, and have an impact on improving self-efficacy. These interventions contribute to lowering physiological parameters such as fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and 2-hour postprandial glucose levels.
Conclusion
Psychosocial supportive interventions can indeed positively affect self-care behaviors, lifestyle changes, and physiological parameters in women with GDM. Nurses can play a pivotal role in integrative management and can streamline the care for women with GDM during pregnancy and following birth, especially through psychosocial support interventions.

Keyword

Gestational diabetes; Psychosocial support systems; Social support; Systematic review

Figure

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  Figure 1. PRISMA 2020 flow chart for the literature search.GDM, Gestational diabetes mellitus.

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  Figure 2. Risk of bias graphs. (A) Risk of bias summary. (B) Risk of bias for selected studies. RCT, randomized controlled trial.

Reference

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