Anat Cell Biol.  2021 Jun;54(2):152-164. 10.5115/acb.20.305.

Large-scale functional brain networks for consciousness

• Han ME
• Park SY
• Oh SO

• KMID: 2516899
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5115/acb.20.305

Abstract

The generation and maintenance of consciousness are fundamental but difficult subjects in the fields of psychology, philosophy, neuroscience, and medicine. However, recent developments in neuro-imaging techniques coupled with network analysis have greatly advanced our understanding of consciousness. The present review focuses on large-scale functional brain networks based on neuro-imaging data to explain the awareness (contents) and wakefulness of consciousness. Despite limitations, neuroimaging data suggests brain maps for important psychological and cognitive processes such as attention, language, self-referential, emotion, motivation, social behavior, and wakefulness. We considered a review of these advancements would provide new insights into research on the neural correlates of consciousness.

Keyword

Brain; Network; Consciousness; Awareness; Wakefulness

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 The Structure of Consciousness. We are aware of external and internal worlds due to the activities of various large-scale functional brain networks. In addition, level of consciousness can affect the contents of consciousness. VN, visual network; AN, auditory network; SMN, somatosensory-motor network; ATN, attention network; FPN, frontoparietal network; CON, cingulo-opercular network; DMN, default mode network; LN, language network; EN, emotional network; MN, motivation network; SCN, social cognition network; SRN, self-referential network; Wake, wakefulness; MCS, minimally conscious state; VS, vegetative state; UWS, unresponsive wakefulness syndrome.

• 

  Fig. 2 Attention and language network. Results of meta-analyses on attention and language network obtained from neurosynth.org. The search terms used were “Dorsal Attention” (n=99 studies); “Frontoparietal Network” (n= 360 studies); and “Language Network” (n=83 studies). Association test and uniformity test map results are shown in red and blue; respectively. Only positive results are depicted. Results are false discovery rate (FDR) corrected at P<0.01. Further details are available at neurosynth.org.

• 

  Fig. 3 Default mode network. Results of meta-analysis for the default mode network obtained from neurosynth.org. The search terms used were “Default Mode” (n=777 studies); “Self-referential” (n=166 studies); “Emotion” (n=1,037 studies); “Motivation” (n=189 studies) and “Social Cognition” (n=220 studies). Association test and uniformity test map results are shown in red and blue; respectively. Only positive results are shown. Results are false discovery rate (FDR) corrected at P<0.01. Further details are available at neurosynth.org.

Reference

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