Korean Circ J.  2021 May;51(5):409-422. 10.4070/kcj.2020.0407.

Impact of Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants on the Change of Antithrombotic Regimens in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
  • 2Department of Medical Statistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
  • 3Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
  • 4Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea
  • 5Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Chest & Heart Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
  • 6Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Antithrombotic therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) has changed in recent years with new data from large randomized trials and updates to clinical guidelines. This study aimed to investigate the trends in periprocedural antithrombotic regimens in Korean patients with AF undergoing PCI with non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs).
Methods
Using the claims database of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment during 2013–2018, 27,594 patients with AF undergoing PCI were identified. The annual prevalence of PCI and prescriptions of each antithrombotic agent, including antiplatelet agents and oral anticoagulants, within 30 days after PCI were investigated.
Results
During 2013–2018, the number of patients with AF undergoing PCI increased up to 1.3-fold (from 3,913 to 5,075 patients per year). After the introduction of NOACs, the proportion of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) decreased from 71.9% to 49.8% but still occupied the largest proportion among antithrombotic regimens. Triple antithrombotic therapy (TAT) use increased from 25.4% to 46.0%, and NOAC has rapidly replaced warfarin as the oral anticoagulant of choice. TAT was preferred to DAPT for patients with CHA2 DS2 -VASc score ≥2. Among various factors, prior intracranial hemorrhage was the most powerful predictor of favoring DAPT use over TAT.
Conclusion
Since the introduction of NOACs, the patterns of periprocedural antithrombotic regimens have changed rapidly toward more use of TAT, specifically with NOAC-based regimen. Appropriate stroke prevention with oral anticoagulants is still underutilized in patients with AF undergoing PCI in Korea.

Keyword

Atrial fibrillation; Percutaneous coronary intervention; Antiplatelet drugs; Anticoagulant drugs

Figure

  • Figure 1 Temporal trends of patients with AF undergoing PCI after introduction of NOAC.AF = atrial fibrillation; NOAC = non-vitamin K oral anticoagulant; PCI = percutaneous coronary intervention.

  • Figure 2 Temporal trends of antithrombotic regimens in patients with AF undergoing PCI after introduction of NOAC.AF = atrial fibrillation; DAPT = dual antiplatelet therapy; NOAC = non-vitamin K oral anticoagulant; PCI = percutaneous coronary intervention.

  • Figure 3 Multivariate logistic regression analysis for factors associated with prescriptions of triple therapy.CI = confidence interval; DAPT = dual antiplatelet therapy; OR = odds ratio; TIA = transient ischemic attack.

  • Figure 4 The impact of CHA2DS2-VASc or HAS-BLED scores on the preference of antithrombotic regimens.Multivariate logistic regression analysis based on the study population of 2018. CHA2DS2-VASc score of 0 and HAS-BLED score of 1 served as the reference in each analysis, respectively.CI = confidence interval; DAPT = dual antiplatelet therapy; OR = odds ratio.


Cited by  1 articles

Beginning the Journey to Find Optimal Antithrombotic Regimens for Korean Patients with Atrial Fibrillation after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Sung Soo Kim, Hyun Kuk Kim
Korean Circ J. 2021;51(5):423-425.    doi: 10.4070/kcj.2021.0017.


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