J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg.  2021 Feb;47(1):34-39. 10.5125/jkaoms.2021.47.1.34.

Cone-beam computed tomography characterization of the intraosseous vascular canal in the lateral wall of the maxillary antrum

• Shetty SR
• Bayatti SA
• Marei H
• Shetty R
• Abdelmagyd HA
• Luke AM

• KMID: 2513427
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5125/jkaoms.2021.47.1.34

Abstract

Objectives
The purpose of the study was to assess the occurrence, location, and dimensions of the intraosseous vascular canal in the lateral wall of the maxillary antrum using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
Materials and Methods
In this retrospective study, we examined 400 CBCT scans from our archive of patients who had earlier reported to a dental teaching hospital in the United Arab Emirates. The prevalence, location, and dimensions of the lateral antral intraosseous canal (LAIC) in the maxillary antrum were evaluated by 2 examiners using standardised methods. A third examiner was consulted in cases of disagreement.
Results
The prevalence of LAIC was 62.3% (249 maxillary antra) among the study population. The mean distance between the most inferior point of the alveolar bone and the inferior border of the LAIC in the posterior maxillary region was 19.83±3.12 mm. There was a significant difference (P=0.05) between the maxillary molar and premolar regions in mean distance from the most inferior point of the alveolar bone and the inferior border of the LAIC. There was no statistically significant difference in mean distance between the most inferior point of the alveolar bone and the inferior border of the LAIC between dentulous and edentulous areas (P=0.1). The G3-intrasinusal type canal less than 1mm in diameter was the most common type of LAIC.
Conclusion
This study established the approximate location of the LAIC in a United Arab Emirates cohort, which will assist the oral surgeon in selecting the appropriate site for sinus lift procedures with reduced risk of surgical hemorrhage.

Keyword

Maxillary sinus; Cone-beam computed tomography; Sinus floor augmentation; Hemorrhage; Alveolar bone loss

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Procedure followed for the measurement of lateral antral intraosseous canal (LAIC) location. Lower border of the LAIC (A), lowest point of the alveolar crest (B) used for measurement of distance (C).

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  Fig. 2 Procedure followed for the measurement of lateral antral intraosseous canal (LAIC) location in edentulous patient. Lower border of the LAIC (A), lowest point of the residual alveolar ridge (B) used for measurement of distance (C).

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  Fig. 3 Categorization of the canals based on the medio-lateral location within the antral wall.

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  Fig. 4 Tomographic appearance of lateral antral intraosseous canals according to classification of Lee et al. 13 . A. G1-extrasinusal type. B. G2-intraosseous type. C. G3-intrasinusal type.

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  Fig. 5 Categorization of lateral antral intraosseous canals according to diameter of the canals.

Reference

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