Ann Lab Med.  2021 Jan;41(1):60-67. 10.3343/alm.2021.41.1.60.

Effectiveness of Plasma and Urine Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin for Predicting Acute Kidney Injury in High-Risk Patients

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Green Cross Laboratories, Yongin, Korea
  • 2Department of Laboratory Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

Abstract

Background
Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a useful biomarker for acute kidney injury (AKI) prediction. However, studies on whether using both plasma NGAL (PNGAL) and urine NGAL (UNGAL) can improve AKI prediction are limited. We investigated the best approach to predict AKI in high-risk patients when using PNGAL and UNGAL together.
Methods
We enrolled 151 AKI suspected patients with one or more AKI risk factors. We assessed the diagnostic performance of PNGAL and UNGAL for predicting AKI according to chronic kidney disease (CKD) status by determining the areas under the receiver operating curve (AuROC). Independent predictors of AKI were assessed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.
Results
In the multivariate logistic regression analysis for all patients (N = 151), Model 2 and 3, including PNGAL (P = 0.012) with initial serum creatinine (S-Cr), showed a better AKI prediction power (R2 = 0.435, both) than Model 0, including S-Cr only (R2 = 0.390). In the non-CKD group (N = 135), the AuROC of PNGAL for AKI prediction was larger than that of UNGAL (0.79 vs 0.66, P = 0.010), whereas in the CKD group (N = 16), the opposite was true (0.94 vs 0.76, P = 0.049).
Conclusions
PNGAL may serve as a useful biomarker for AKI prediction in high-risk patients. However, UNGAL predicted AKI better than PNGAL in CKD patients. Our findings provide guidance for selecting appropriate specimens for NGAL testing according to the presence of CKD in AKI high-risk patients.

Keyword

Plasma; Urine; Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; Acute kidney injury; Chronic kidney disease

Figure

  • Fig. 1 Comparison of AuROCs for PNGAL and UNGAL for AKI prediction in AKI high-risk patients. (A) All patients (N=151), (B) AKI high-risk CKD group (N=16), (C) AKI high-risk non-CKD group (N=135). Abbreviations: AKI, acute kidney injury; AuROC, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the prediction of AKI; CKD, chronic kidney disease; PNGAL, plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; UNGAL, urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin.


Cited by  1 articles

Predictive Value of Plasma NGAL:Hepcidin-25 for Major Adverse Kidney Events After Cardiac Surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Pilot Study
Christian Albert, Michael Haase, Annemarie Albert, Martin Ernst, Siegfried Kropf, Rinaldo Bellomo, Sabine Westphal, Rüdiger C. Braun-Dullaeus, Anja Haase-Fielitz, Saban Elitok
Ann Lab Med. 2021;41(4):357-365.    doi: 10.3343/alm.2021.41.4.357.


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