J Korean Dysphagia Soc.  2015 Jan;5(1):7-13.

Botulinum Toxin for Upper Esophageal Sphincter and Larynx

• Lee S

Abstract

In otolaryngolgy head & neck surgery field, botulinum toxins are mainly used for the treatment of spasmodic dysphonia and essential vocal tremor. Recently, the indications of botulinum toxin are widen with the times, such as vocal fold granuloma, mutational falsetto, bilateral vocal cord paralysis, and chemical reduction for arytenoid dislocation as a adjunctive modality. And also used for the diagnosis and treatment of cricopharyngeal dysphagia especially for pure, isolated cricopharyngeal dysphagia instead of conventional cricopharyngeal myotomy.

Keyword

Botulinum toxin; Larynx; Upper esophageal sphincter; Spasm