J Korean Diabetes.  2020 Jun;21(2):69-74. 10.4093/jkd.2020.21.2.69.

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Diagnosis and Glycemic Control

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea

Abstract

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a major medical complication of pregnancy, and it is related with poor perinatal outcomes and long-term risk of type 2 diabetes. Therefore, adequate diagnosis and treatment are essential to improve pregnancy outcome. Both one-step, 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and two-step, 50- and 100-g OGTTs can be used for diagnosing GDM. The cut-off points of 100-g OGTT are used for the criteria of Carpenter–Coustan. The incidence of GDM can be increased about 2 to 3 times using the one-step method compared to the two-step approach. The mainstay of treatment is composed of life-style management, including exercise and medical nutritional therapy, and insulin therapy. Considering the Korean health-care system, oral hypoglycemic agents cannot be the firstline choice, and intensification of insulin treatment depends on patient self-monitoring of blood glucose. Furthermore, all treatments should be tailored to patient condition.

Keyword

Diagnosis; Gestational diabetes mellitus; Glycemic control; Oral glucose tolerance test

Cited by  2 articles

The effects of health care programs for gestational diabetes mellitus in South Korea: a systematic review
Seo Jin Park, Jina Lee
Korean J Women Health Nurs. 2020;26(4):274-284.    doi: 10.4069/kjwhn.2020.10.28.

Prepregnancy Glucose Levels Within Normal Range and Its Impact on Obstetric Complications in Subsequent Pregnancy: A Population Cohort Study
Ho Yeon Kim, Ki Hoon Ahn, Geum Joon Cho, Soon-Cheol Hong, Min-Jeong Oh, Hai-Joong Kim
J Korean Med Sci. 2023;38(35):e286.    doi: 10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e286.


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