Psychiatry Investig.
2020 Jun;17(6):517-525. 10.30773/pi.2019.0015.
Defining Subtypes in Children with Nail Biting: A Latent Profile Analysis of Personality
- Affiliations
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- 1Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- 2Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- 3Department of Nursing, Honam University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- 4Department of Psychiatry, International St. Mary’s Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- 5Incorporated Korea Family Association for the Mentally Disabled, Sejong, Republic of Korea
- 6Department of Psychiatry, Dongguk University International Hospital, Institute of Clinical Psychopharmacology, Dongguk University School of Medicine, Goyang, Republic of Korea
- KMID: 2503060
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.30773/pi.2019.0015
Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to examine personality profiles and behavioral problems of children with nail biting (NB) to gain insight into the developmental trajectory of pathological NB.
Methods
681 elementary school students were divided into non NB (n=436), occasional NB (n=173) and frequent NB group (n=72) depending on the frequency of NB reported in Child Behavioral Checklist (CBCL). Children’s personality was assessed using the Junior Temperament and Character Inventory (JTCI), and behavioral problems were assessed using the CBCL. Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was performed using JTCI profiles to classify personalities of the children with NB (belonging to frequent and occasional NB group, n=245).
Results
For subscale scores of CBCL, the total, internalizing, externalizing, anxious/depressed withdrawn/depressed, depression, thought, rule-breaking, and aggressive behavior problems, were most severe in the frequent NB group followed by occasional NB and non NB group. LPA of personality profile in children with NB revealed four classes (‘adaptiveness,’ ‘high reward dependence,’ ‘low self-directedness,’ and ‘maldaptiveness’). The four personality classes demonstrated significant group differences in all of the CBCL subscales. Children who showed low self-directedness and cooperativeness and high novelty seeking and harm avoidance personality profiles demonstrated highest tendency for problematic behavior irrespective of the frequency of NB.
Conclusion
Children with NB reported significantly more problematic behaviors compared to children without NB. Children with specific personality profile demonstrated higher tendency for problematic behavior irrespective of the frequency of NB. Therefore, accompanying personality profiles should be considered when assessing behavioral problems in children with NB.
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