J Korean Orthop Assoc.  2019 Dec;54(6):478-489. 10.4055/jkoa.2019.54.6.478.

Current Update of Cartilage Regeneration Using Stem Cells in Osteoarthritis

• Seon JK
• Choi IS
• Ko JW

• KMID: 2469879
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4055/jkoa.2019.54.6.478

Abstract

Osteoarthritis is a disease characterized by the progression of articular cartilage erosion, that increases pain during joint motion and reduces the ability to withstand mechanical stress, which in turn limits joint mobility and function. Damage to articular cartilage due to trauma or degenerative injury is considered a major cause of arthritis. Numerous studies and attempts have been made to regenerate articular cartilage. In the case of partial degenerative cartilage changes, microfracture and autologous chondrocyte implantation have been proposed as surgical treatment methods, but they have disadvantages such as insufficient mutual binding to the host cells, inaccurate cell delivery, and deterioration of healthy cartilage. Stem cell-based therapies have been developed to compensate for this. This review summarizes the drawbacks and consequences of various cartilage regeneration methods and describes the various attempts to treat cartilage damage. In addition, this review will discuss cartilage regeneration, particularly mesenchymal stem cell engineering-based therapies, and explore how to treat future cartilage regeneration using mesenchymal stem cells.

Keyword

osteoarthritis; cartilage injury; cartilage regeneration; mesenchymal stem cell

MeSH Terms

Arthritis
Cartilage*
Cartilage, Articular
Chondrocytes
Joints
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells
Osteoarthritis*
Regeneration*
Stem Cells*
Stress, Mechanical