Hip Pelvis.  2019 Dec;31(4):216-223. 10.5371/hp.2019.31.4.216.

Hemiarthroplasty in the Hip Fracture Patient with Renal Impairment: To Cement or Not to Cement

• Tan TL
• Ho SW
• Graetz AE
• Kwek EB

• KMID: 2464238
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5371/hp.2019.31.4.216

Abstract

PURPOSE
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have a higher risk of complications when undergoing hip hemiarthroplasty. The primary aim is to test the null hypothesis that there is no difference between cemented and uncemented stem loosening rates in patients with CKD who receive a hip hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fractures. The secondary aim is to determine the effect of increasing severity of renal disease on the rate of stem loosening in this CKD patient subset.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A retrospective study of all patients with CKD who underwent a hip hemiarthroplasty for a traumatic femoral-neck fracture between 2003 and 2013 was performed. Patients with a minimum of two-year follow-up were included; those with pathological fractures or loosening due to infection were excluded. The outcome measure was radiographic aseptic loosening of the stem, defined as progressive radiolucency of more than 2 mm, progressive subsidence or migration of the implant.
RESULTS
One-hundred and nineteen cases were included in this study. Loosening occurred in 11 cases (9.24%). A comparison between cemented and uncemented groups revealed no difference in the rate of loosening (P=0.079). In all cases, worsening renal function did not increase the rate of loosening (P=0.311). The rate of loosening did not increase with worsening renal function in either the cemented (P=0.678) or uncemented groups (P=0.307).
CONCLUSION
There is no difference in the rate of loosening between cemented and uncemented hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fractures in the elderly with CKD. The rate of loosening did not increase with worsening renal function. All patients with renal impairment, not just those with end-stage renal failure, warrant close follow-up as early loosening can occur throughout the entire spectrum of renal disease.

Keyword

Femoral neck fractures; Hip prosthesis; Renal insufficiency

MeSH Terms

Aged
Femoral Neck Fractures
Follow-Up Studies
Fractures, Spontaneous
Hemiarthroplasty*
Hip Prosthesis
Hip*
Humans
Kidney Failure, Chronic
Outcome Assessment (Health Care)
Renal Insufficiency
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
Retrospective Studies

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Patients included in our study.ESRF: end-stage renal failure.

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  Fig. 2 (A) Immediate postoperative X-ray of a cemented hip hemiarthroplasty. (B) Radiolucency of >2 mm around the cement mantle 8 months post-surgery. (C) Uncemented hip hemiarthroplasty with loosening and stem subsidence at 1 year postsurgery.

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  Fig. 3 Effect of worsening renal function in both cemented and uncemented patients. Rate of loosening not increased with worsening renal function. P=0.311.CKD: chronic kidney disease.

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  Fig. 4 Effect of worsening renal function in the cemented group. Rate of loosening not increased with worsening renal function in cemented hips. P=0.678.CKD: chronic kidney disease.

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  Fig. 5 Effect of worsening renal function in the uncemented group. Rate of loosening not increased with worsening renal function in cemented hips. P=0.307.CKD: chronic kidney disease.

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