Korean J Health Promot.  2019 Sep;19(3):145-154. 10.15384/kjhp.2019.19.3.145.

Energy Drink Consumption and Dietary-, Lifestyle-, and Mental Health-Related Behaviors in Korean Adolescents: Based on the 10th–13th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey

Affiliations
  • 1Nutrition Education Major, Graduate School of Education, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
  • 2Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea. jchung@khu.ac.kr

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Energy drinks (EDs), functional beverages with high concentrations of caffeine, can cause health risks. This study examined the frequency of ED consumption and related factors in Korean adolescents.
METHODS
Data from the 10th-13th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey was used, and a total of 137,101 boys and 130,806 girls were included in the final analyses. Differences in ED consumption and associated factors were analyzed using the Rao-Scott chi-square test and a multivariate logistic regression analysis, reflecting of the complex sample design.
RESULTS
In total, 17.3% boys and 12.9% girls consumed EDs more than once a week (P<0.001). In particular, 24.2% of all high-school students in the 12th grade consumed more than three EDs a week. After adjusting for confounding factors, a multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that higher ED consumption was significantly associated with a higher soda, sweet-drink, and fast food intake; skipping breakfast; a lower vegetable intake; depression; suicidal thoughts; sleep deprivation; and increased smoking and alcohol drinking.
CONCLUSIONS
ED consumption is associated with undesirable dietary-, lifestyle-, and mental health-related behaviors, suggesting the need for appropriate nutrition education in adolescents.

Keyword

Adolescent; Energy drinks; Dietary habit; Life style; Mental health

MeSH Terms

Adolescent*
Alcohol Drinking
Beverages
Breakfast
Caffeine
Depression
Education
Energy Drinks*
Fast Foods
Female
Food Habits
Humans
Korea*
Life Style
Logistic Models
Mental Health
Risk-Taking*
Sleep Deprivation
Smoke
Smoking
Vegetables
Caffeine
Smoke

Figure

  • Figure 1 The distribution of energy drink consumption frequency in boys and girls. Differences between boys and girls were significantly different (P<0.001), calculated by Rao-Scott chi-square test.


Reference

1. Lee HS, Kwon SO, Yon M, Kim D, Lee JY, Nam J, et al. Dietary total sugar intake of Koreans: based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), 2008-2011. J Nutr Health. 2014; 47(4):268–276.
Article
2. Arria AM, Bugbee BA, Caldeira KM, Vincent KB. Evidence and knowledge gaps for the association between energy drink use and high-risk behaviors among adolescents and young adults. Nutr Rev. 2014; 72 Suppl 1:87–97.
Article
3. Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. Study of establishment of recommended daily allowance for caffeine. Cheongju: Ministry of Food and Drug Safety;2007. p. 136–158.
4. Yang YM, Huh W, Jeong E, Lee JJ, Choi EJ. An analysis of consumption patterns of high-caffeinated energy drinks and adverse effects by surveys from students at middle and high schools in Korea. Yakhak Hoeji. 2014; 58(6):387–396.
5. James JE, Baldursdottir B, Johannsdottir KR, Valdimarsdottir HB, Sigfusdottir ID. Adolescent habitual caffeine consumption and hemodynamic reactivity during rest, psychosocial stress, and recovery. J Psychosom Res. 2018; 110:16–23.
Article
6. Sanchis-Gomar F, Pareja-Galeano H, Cervellin G, Lippi G, Earnest CP. Energy drink overconsumption in adolescents: implications for arrhythmias and other cardiovascular events. Can J Cardiol. 2015; 31(5):572–575.
Article
7. Harris JL, Munsell CR. Energy drinks and adolescents: what’s the harm? Nutr Rev. 2015; 73(4):247–257.
Article
8. Ryu SH. Energy drink consumption status and associated factors among male and female high school students in Deajon area. Korean J Food Nutr. 2016; 29(6):899–910.
Article
9. Park EJ, Kim SY. Caffeinated food consumption patterns and level among high school students in Yongin region. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr. 2017; 46(9):1128–1136.
10. Park SH, Lee SH, Chang KJ. Intake-related factors and educational needs regarding energy drinks in female high school students in the Incheon area. J Nutr Health. 2017; 50(5):460–471.
Article
11. Ministry of Education, Ministry of Health & Welfare, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Korea youth risk behavior web-based survey [Internet]. Sejong: Ministry of Education, Ministry of Health & Welfare, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention;2019. Accessed Jun 5, 2019. Available from: https://www.cdc.go.kr/yhs/home.jsp?id=m03_05.
12. Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2017 Korean national growth chart [Internet]. Cheongju: Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention;2017. Accessed Jun 12, 2019. Available from: https://knhanes.cdc.go.kr/knhanes/sub08/sub08_01.do.
13. Yoo HS, Sim KH. Survey on the high-caffeine energy drink consumption status of university students in Seoul. J East Asian Soc Diet Life. 2014; 24(3):407–420.
Article
14. Kim TY, Kim SM, Kim JY, Im JY, Yu H, Han YH, et al. Awareness and consumption of energy drinks and associated factors among college students in Cheongju. Korean J Community Nutr. 2018; 23(1):60–72.
Article
15. Jin MJ, Yoon CH, Ko HJ, Kim HM, Kim AS, Moon HN, et al. The relationship of caffeine intake with depression, anxiety, stress, and sleep in Korean adolescents. Korean J Fam Med. 2016; 37(2):111–116.
Article
16. National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation. Sugar database compilation for commonly consumed foods. Cheongju: National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation;2015. p. 226–236.
17. Bernabé E, Vehkalahti MM, Sheiham A, Aromaa A, Suominen AL. Sugar-sweetened beverage and dental caries in adult: a 4-year prospective study. J Dent. 2014; 42(8):952–958.
18. Richelsen B. Sugar-sweetened beverages and cardio-metabolic disease risks. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2013; 16(4):478–484.
Article
19. Lien L, Lien N, Heyerdahl S, Thoresen M, Bjertness E. Consumption of soft drinks and hyperactivity, mental distress, and conduct problems among adolescents in Oslo, Norway. Am J Public Health. 2006; 96(10):1815–1820.
Article
20. World Health Organization (WHO). WHO Technical Report Series 916: Diet, nutrition and the prevention of chronic disease. Geneva: WHO;2013. p. 57–60.
21. Keast RS, Swinburn BA, Sayompark D, Whitelock S, Riddell LJ. Caffeine increases sugar-sweetened beverage consumption in a free-living population: a randomised controlled trial. Br J Nutr. 2015; 113(2):366–371.
Article
22. Libuda L, Alexy U, Buyken AE, Sichert-Hellert W, Stehle P, Kersting M. Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and its association with nutrient intakes and diet quality in German children and adolescents. Br J Nutr. 2009; 101(10):1549–1557.
Article
23. Lim YK. The effects of caffeinated beverage intake on serum iron(Fe) and total iron binding capacity(TIBC). Korean Association of Addiction Crime Review. 2017; 7(1):93–112.
24. Lim SA, Rho SN. Micro mineral responses to caffeine in serum and urine of healthy young females. Korean J Nutr. 1993; 26(9):1118–1128.
25. Hong KJ, Lee JW, Park MS, Cho YS. A study on the promotion of adolescents milk consumption (I): milk preference and intake pattern of urban adolescents. J Korean Diet Assoc. 2007; 13(1):61–72.
26. Utter J, Denny S, Teevale T, Sheridan J. Energy drink consumption among New Zealand adolescents: association with mental health, health risk behaviours and body size. J Paediatr Child Health. 2018; 54(3):279–283.
27. Korea Consumer Agency. Survey on Safety of Energy Drink. Eumseong: The Consumer Safety Center;2013. p. 61–63.
28. An SM, Park JS, Kim SH. Effect of energy drink dose on exercise capacity, heart rate recovery and heart rate variability after high-intensity exercise. J Exerc Nutrition Biochem. 2014; 18(1):31–39.
Article
29. Aepli A, Kurth S, Tesler N, Jenni OG, Huber R. Caffeine consuming children and adolescents show altered sleep behavior and deep sleep. Brain Sci. 2015; 5(4):441–455.
Article
30. Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Suicide rates [Internet]. Paris: OECD;2017. Accessed Sep 8, 2019. Available from: https://data.oecd.org/healthstat/suicide-rates.htm.
Full Text Links
  • KJHP
Actions
Cited
CITED
export Copy
Close
Share
  • Twitter
  • Facebook
Similar articles
Copyright © 2024 by Korean Association of Medical Journal Editors. All rights reserved.     E-mail: koreamed@kamje.or.kr