Lab Med Online.  2019 Oct;9(4):246-248. 10.3343/lmo.2019.9.4.246.

A Case of Chryseobacterium hominis Isolated from Human Blood Drawn Through Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter

• Won D
• Byun JH
• Kim M
• Yong D

• KMID: 2458686
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3343/lmo.2019.9.4.246

Abstract

Chryseobacterium hominis is non-fermenting Gram-negative rod that was first identified as a novel species in 2007. Here, we report the first clinical case of C. hominis bacteremia, which was confirmed by MALDI-TOF MS and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. A 16-year-old boy diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia was hospitalized for three months. Two sets of blood culture test through a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC), which was inserted a month ago, was performed when his white blood cell count declined and he had a high fever. Colonies of medium sizes that looked round, mucoid, sticky, and grayish on blood and chocolate agar plates were observed. Identification of bacteria using the VITEK MALDI-TOF MS system (BioMérieux, France) was not successful and the VITEK 2 system (BioMérieux, USA) indicated Sphingomonas paucimobilis, with a questionable level of confidence (92%). However, Microflex LT Biotyper (Bruker Daltonics, Germany) showed C. homins (log score: 1.81) and sequence of 16S rRNA showed a 100% identity with C. hominis. Piperacillin-tazobactam was administered since the isolate was susceptible to piperacillin-tazobactam but C. hominis showed growth in the next four follow-up culture of blood drawn through PICC. The fever subsided only after PICC was changed. The clinical prognosis and antimicrobial susceptibility test of C. hominis should be further studied.

Keyword

Chryseobacterium; Chryseobacterium hominis; Catheter-related blood stream infection; Bacteremia

MeSH Terms

Adolescent
Agar
Bacteremia
Bacteria
Cacao
Catheters*
Chryseobacterium*
Fever
Follow-Up Studies
Genes, rRNA
Humans*
Leukocyte Count
Male
Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma
Prognosis
Sphingomonas
Agar

Reference

1. Vaneechoutte M, Kämpfer P, De Baere T, Avesani V, Janssens M, Wauters G. Chryseobacterium hominis sp. nov., to accommodate clinical isolates biochemically similar to CDC groups II-h and II-c. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2007; 57:2623–2628.

2. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. CLSI supplement M100. 27th ed. Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute;2017.

3. Bloch KC, Nadarajah R, Jacobs R. Chryseobacterium meningosepticum: an emerging pathogen among immunocompromised adults. Report of 6 cases and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore). 1997; 76:30–41.

4. Chiu CH, Waddingdon M, Greenberg D, Schreckenberger PC, Carnahan AM. Atypical Chryseobacterium meningosepticum and meningitis and sepsis in newborns and the immunocompromised, Taiwan. Emerg Infect Dis. 2000; 6:481–486.

5. Kirby JT, Sader HS, Walsh TR, Jones RN. Antimicrobial susceptibility and epidemiology of a worldwide collection of Chryseobacterium spp.: report from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (1997–2001). J Clin Microbiol. 2004; 42:445–448.