Korean J Radiol.  2016 Oct;17(5):581-589. 10.3348/kjr.2016.17.5.581.

Population-Stratified Analysis of Bone Mineral Density Distribution in Cervical and Lumbar Vertebrae of Chinese from Quantitative Computed Tomography

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Radiology, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Peking University, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China. xiao65@263.net
  • 2Department of Orthopedic Oncology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China.
  • 3Beijing Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Beijing 100035, China.
  • 4Department of Spine Surgery, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Peking University, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China.

Abstract


OBJECTIVE
To investigate the bone mineral density (BMD) of cervical vertebrae in a population-stratified manner and correlate with that of the lumbar vertebrae.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Five hundred and ninety-eight healthy volunteers (254 males, 344 females), ranging from 20 to 64 years of age, were recruited for volumetric BMD (vBMD) measurements by quantitative computed tomography. Basic information (age, height, weight, waistline, and hipline), and vBMD of the cervical and lumbar vertebrae (C2-7 and L2-4) were recorded. Comparisons among sex, age groups and different levels of vertebrae were analyzed using analysis of variance. Linear regression was performed for relevance of different vertebral levels.
RESULTS
The vBMD of cervical and lumbar vertebrae was higher in females than males in each age group. The vBMD of the cervical and lumbar vertebrae in males and the vBMD of lumbar vertebrae in females decreased with aging. In each age group, the vBMD of the cervical vertebrae was higher than that of the lumbar vertebrae with gradual decreases from C2 to C7 except for C3; moreover, the vBMD of C6 and C7 was significantly different from that of C2-5. Correlations of vBMD among different cervical vertebrae (females: r = 0.62-0.94; males: r = 0.63-0.94) and lumbar vertebrae (males: r = 0.93-0.98; females: r = 0.82-0.97) were statistically significant at each age group.
CONCLUSION
The present study provided normative data of cervical vertebrae in an age- and sex-stratified manner. Sex differences in vBMD prominently vary with age, which can be helpful to design a more comprehensive pre-operative surgical plan.

Keyword

Quantitative; Computed tomography; Bone density; Cervical; Lumbar; Vertebra; Population; Normal

MeSH Terms

Adult
Aging/ethnology/physiology
Anthropometry/methods
Asian Continental Ancestry Group/statistics & numerical data
Bone Density/*physiology
Cervical Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging/*physiology
Female
Humans
Linear Models
Lumbar Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging/*physiology
Male
Middle Aged
Reference Values
Sex Characteristics
Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods
Young Adult

Figure

  • Fig. 1 Outline of vBMD data between groups for males assessed by QCT. BMD = bone mineral density, QCT = quantitative computed tomography, vBMD = volumetric BMD

  • Fig. 2 Outline of vBMD data between groups for females assessed by QCT. BMD = bone mineral density, QCT = quantitative computed tomography, vBMD = volumetric BMD


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