Cancer Res Treat.  2016 Apr;48(2):825-833. 10.4143/crt.2015.040.

Impact of Job Status on Accessibility of Cancer Screening

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
  • 2Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea. ecpark@yuhs.ac
  • 3Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Abstract

PURPOSE
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide with approximately 75,000 cancer deaths in Korea alone in 2013. Cancer screening is an important method of prevention; however, only 63.4% of Koreans sought cancer screening in 2012 even though it was widely offered at no cost. We focused on part time workers because they often experience job instability and relative discrimination. Therefore, we investigated the correlation between job status and cancer screening.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Data from the 2013 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) were used for selection of individuals who participated in the national cancer screening program. A total of 1,326 wage earners were selected for our study. The association between cancer screening and part time job status was examined using logistic regression models.
RESULTS
Of the 1,326 individuals selected for the study, 869 (64.5%) had participated in the cancer screening program; among these, 421 (48.4%) were part time workers and 448 (51.6%) were full time workers. Lower prevalence of cancer screening was observed for part time workers compared to full time workers (odds ratio, 0.72; confidence interval, 0.53 to 1.00; p=0.0495). Factors including age, marital status, private insurance, chronic disease, smoking, and residential area emerged as showed significant association with participation in screening programs.
CONCLUSION
We found that part time workers had difficulty participating in prevention programs. Change in the workplace environment as well as development of positive social programs targeted to part time workers is necessary in order to encourage participation of part time workers in prevention programs.

Keyword

Early detection of cancer; Health promotion; Employment; Occupational health

MeSH Terms

Cause of Death
Chronic Disease
Discrimination (Psychology)
Early Detection of Cancer*
Employment
Health Promotion
Insurance
Korea
Logistic Models
Marital Status
Mass Screening
Methods
Nutrition Surveys
Occupational Health
Prevalence
Salaries and Fringe Benefits
Smoke
Smoking
Smoke

Figure

  • Fig. 1. Flow diagram of the study participants.


Reference

References

1. Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Dikshit R, Eser S, Mathers C, Rebelo M, et al. Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012. Int J Cancer. 2015; 136:E359–86.
Article
2. Pyenson BS, Sander MS, Jiang Y, Kahn H, Mulshine JL. An actuarial analysis shows that offering lung cancer screening as an insurance benefit would save lives at relatively low cost. Health Aff (Millwood). 2012; 31:770–9.
Article
3. Paci E, Broeders M, Hofvind S, Puliti D, Duffy SW; EUROSCREEN Working Group. European breast cancer service screening outcomes: a first balance sheet of the benefits and harms. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2014; 23:1159–63.
Article
4. van Schoor G, Moss SM, Otten JD, Donders R, Paap E, den Heeten GJ, et al. Increasingly strong reduction in breast cancer mortality due to screening. Br J Cancer. 2011; 104:910–4.
Article
5. Schoen RE, Pinsky PF, Weissfeld JL, Yokochi LA, Church T, Laiyemo AO, et al. Colorectal-cancer incidence and mortality with screening flexible sigmoidoscopy. N Engl J Med. 2012; 366:2345–57.
6. Statistics Korea. Cancer mortality. Daejeon: Statistics Korea;2014.
7. Yoo KY. Cancer control activities in the Republic of Korea. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2008; 38:327–33.
Article
8. Kim Y, Jun JK, Choi KS, Lee HY, Park EC. Overview of the National Cancer screening programme and the cancer screening status in Korea. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2011; 12:725–30.
9. National Cancer Center. Cancer Facts & Figures 2013. Goyang: National Cancer Center;2013.
10. Kim IH, Muntaner C, Vahid Shahidi F, Vives A, Vanroelen C, Benach J. Welfare states, flexible employment, and health: a critical review. Health Policy. 2012; 104:99–127.
Article
11. Naswall K, Lindfors P, Sverke M. Job insecurity as a predictor of physiological indicators of health in healthy working women: an extension of previous research. Stress Health. 2012; 28:255–63.
12. Kirves K, De Cuyper N, Kinnunen U, Natti J. Perceived job insecurity and perceived employability in relation to temporary and permanent workers' psychological symptoms: a two samples study. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2011; 84:899–909.
Article
13. Olesen SC, Butterworth P, Jacomb P, Tait RJ. Personal factors influence use of cervical cancer screening services: epidemiological survey and linked administrative data address the limitations of previous research. BMC Health Serv Res. 2012; 12:34.
Article
14. Ho MY, Lai JY, Cheung WY. The influence of physicians on colorectal cancer screening behavior. Cancer Causes Control. 2011; 22:1659–68.
Article
15. Yeo JY, Jeong HS. Determinants of health screening and its effects on health behaviors. Korean J Health Policy Adm. 2012; 22:49–64.
Article
16. Kim MK, Nam EW, Jin KN. The factors influencing the odds of cancer examination in Wonju city. Korean J Health Educ Promot. 2006; 23:85–97.
17. Ferrie JE, Shipley MJ, Newman K, Stansfeld SA, Marmot M. Self-reported job insecurity and health in the Whitehall II study: potential explanations of the relationship. Soc Sci Med. 2005; 60:1593–602.
Article
18. Virtanen M, Kivimaki M, Joensuu M, Virtanen P, Elovainio M, Vahtera J. Temporary employment and health: a review. Int J Epidemiol. 2005; 34:610–22.
Article
19. Caroli E, Godard M. Does job insecurity deteriorate health? Health Econ. 2016; 25:131–47.
Article
20. Ferrie JE. Is job insecurity harmful to health? J R Soc Med. 2001; 94:71–6.
Article
21. Ray-Mazumder S. Role of gender, insurance status and culture in attitudes and health behavior in a US Chinese student population. Ethn Health. 2001; 6:197–209.
Article
22. Coughlin SS, Leadbetter S, Richards T, Sabatino SA. Contextual analysis of breast and cervical cancer screening and factors associated with health care access among United States women, 2002. Soc Sci Med. 2008; 66:260–75.
Article
23. Waenerlund AK, Virtanen P, Hammarstrom A. Is temporary employment related to health status? Analysis of the Northern Swedish Cohort. Scand J Public Health. 2011; 39:533–9.
Article
24. Loerbroks A, Bosch JA, Douwes J, Angerer P, Li J. Job insecurity is associated with adult asthma in Germany during Europe's recent economic crisis: a prospective cohort study. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2014; 68:1196–9.
Article
25. Ferrie JE, Kivimaki M, Shipley MJ, Davey Smith G, Virtanen M. Job insecurity and incident coronary heart disease: the Whitehall II prospective cohort study. Atherosclerosis. 2013; 227:178–81.
Article
Full Text Links
  • CRT
Actions
Cited
CITED
export Copy
Close
Share
  • Twitter
  • Facebook
Similar articles
Copyright © 2024 by Korean Association of Medical Journal Editors. All rights reserved.     E-mail: koreamed@kamje.or.kr