Anesth Pain Med.  2019 Apr;14(2):152-157. 10.17085/apm.2019.14.2.152.

The effect of endotracheal 1% lidocaine administration to reduce emergence phenomenon after general anesthesia

• Hong SM
• Ji SM
• Lee JG
• Kwon MA
• Park JH
• Kim S
• Lee GW

• KMID: 2447962
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.17085/apm.2019.14.2.152

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Endotracheal intubation often causes sore throat and coughing. The aim of this study was to decrease the incidence and severity of cough, sore throat, and hemodynamic changes after extubation by endotracheal administration of 1% lidocaine.
METHODS
Sixty patients physical status American Society of Anesthesiologists classes I, II, and III who received a surgery under general anesthesia were randomly divided into two groups. L group was given 1% lidocaine 0.5 mg/kg by endotracheal administration. The other group, N group, received the same volume of normal saline. The number of cough, the severity of sore throat with numerical rating score (NRS), incidence of local anesthetic systemic toxic reaction, laryngospasm, and hoarseness were recorded. In addition, the number of coughs was divided into three levels by its severity, and it was converted into an indicator of cough score.
RESULTS
L group had a significantly lower number of cough and sore throat NRS (P value < 0.05) than the N group, and also hoarseness did not occur. The changes in the hemodynamic parameters, before and after the emergence of anesthesia, were more stable in the L group than those in the N group, but not statistically significant.
CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study suggest that endotracheal administration of 1% lidocaine is effective and safe method to reduce cough and sore throat caused by extubation.

Keyword

Cough; Hemodynamics; Lidocaine; Sore throat

MeSH Terms

Anesthesia
Anesthesia, General*
Cough
Hemodynamics
Hoarseness
Humans
Incidence
Intubation, Intratracheal
Laryngismus
Lidocaine*
Methods
Pharyngitis
Lidocaine

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Number of patients according to number of mild cough in each group.

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  Fig. 2 Number of patients according to sore throat severity in each group. NRS: numerical rating score.

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