Nutr Res Pract.  2018 Oct;12(5):443-448. 10.4162/nrp.2018.12.5.443.

An association of urinary sodium-potassium ratio with insulin resistance among Korean adults

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Foods and Nutrition, Dongduk Women's University, 60, Hwarang-ro 13-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02748, Korea. yjyang@dongduk.ac.kr
  • 2Nutrition and Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeonbuk 55365, Korea.
  • 3Department of Applied Chemistry, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul 02748, Korea.
  • 4Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, 700 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.

Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of sodium-potassium ratio on insulin resistance and sensitivity in Korean adults.
SUBJECTS/METHODS
Subjects were 3,722 adults (1,632 men and 2,090 women) aged 40-69 years participating in the Korean genome and epidemiology study_Ansan and Ansung study. Insulin resistance was assessed using homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HoMA-IR) and fasting insulin, and insulin sensitivity was assessed by using the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI). The 24-h urinary sodium and potassium excretion were estimated from spot urinary samples using the Tanaka formula. The generalized linear model was applied to determine the association between urinary sodium-potassium ratio and insulin resistance.
RESULTS
HoMA-IR (P-value = 0.029, P-trend = 0.008) and fasting insulin (P-value = 0.017, P-trend = 0.005) levels were positively associated with 24-h estimated urinary sodium-potassium ratio in the multivariable model. QUICKI was inversely associated with 24-h estimated urinary sodium-potassium ratio in all models (P-value = 0.0002, P-trend < 0.0001 in the multivariate model).
CONCLUSION
The present study suggests that high sodium-potassium ratio is related to high insulin resistance and low insulin sensitivity. Decreasing sodium intake and increasing potassium intake are important for maintaining insulin sensitivity. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings in longitudinal studies.

Keyword

Sodium; potassium; insulin resistance; insulin sensitivity

MeSH Terms

Adult*
Epidemiology
Fasting
Genome
Gyeonggi-do
Homeostasis
Humans
Insulin Resistance*
Insulin*
Linear Models
Longitudinal Studies
Male
Potassium
Sodium
Insulin
Potassium
Sodium

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