J Korean Acad Nurs.  2009 Feb;39(1):62-71.

Effects of Listening to Music on Auditory Hallucination and Psychiatric Symptoms in People with Schizophrenia

• Na HJ
• Yang S

Abstract

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of listening to music in inpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia, on their auditory hallucinations, and positive and negative symptoms.
METHODS
A quasi-experimental research design with 2x2 cross-over trial and convenience sample was used. Eleven patients (Group AB) listened to music followed by a wash out period and then a usual care period, and 12 patients (Group BA) had a usual care period followed by a wash out period and then listened to music. For one week those who were in the experimental period listened to individualized music using an MP3 player whenever they heard hallucinations.
RESULTS
There was a statistically significant decrease in the frequency of auditory hallucinations after listening to the music. There was a decrease in the mean scores for positive symptoms, negative symptoms, and general psychopathology after listening to music, but only negative symptoms showed a statistically significant decrease. The treatment effects on scores for positive symptoms, negative symptoms, and general psychopathology were greater in Group BA than Group AB.
CONCLUSION
These findings suggest that listening to music may be useful for managing auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia inpatients.

Keyword

Auditory hallucination; Schizophrenia

MeSH Terms

Adult
Female
Hallucinations/*prevention & control
Humans
MP3-Player
Male
Middle Aged
Music
Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
Questionnaires
Schizophrenia/*therapy
*Schizophrenic Psychology
Self Care/methods/psychology

Figure

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  Figure 1 Research design. Period I=Group AB listened to music and Group BA had usual care; Washout period=This period was to prevent carry-over effect of period I; Period II=Group BA listened to music and Group AB had usual care; CAHQ=The Characteristic of Auditory Hallucination Questionnaire; PANSS=Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.

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