Nat Prod Sci.  2018 Dec;24(4):225-228. 10.20307/nps.2018.24.4.225.

Gliotoxin is Antibacterial to Drug-resistant Piscine Pathogens

• Feng H
• Liu S
• Su M
• Kim EL
• Hong J
• Jung JH

• KMID: 2432415
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.20307/nps.2018.24.4.225

Abstract

By activity-guided fractionation, gliotoxin was isolated as an antibacterial metabolite of the fungus Penicillium decumbens which was derived from the jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai. Gliotoxin was further evaluated for antibacterial activity against several piscine and human MDR (multidrug resistance) pathogens. Gliotoxin showed significant antibacterial activity against Gram-positive piscine pathogens such as Streptococcus iniae FP5228, Streptococcus iniae FP3187, Streptococcus parauberis FP3287, Streptococcus parauberis SPOF3K, S. parauberis KSP28, and Lactococcus garvieae FP5245. Gliotoxin showed strong activity especially against S. parauberis SPOF3K and S. iniae FP5228, which are resistant to oxytetracycline. It is noteworthy that gliotoxin effectively suppressed streptococci which are the major pathogens for piscine infection and mortality in aquaculture industry. Gliotoxin also showed strong antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant human pathogens (MDR) including Enterococcus faecium 5270 and MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) 3089.

Keyword

Gliotoxin; Penicillium decumbens; Antibacterial activity; Fish infection; Drug-resistant pathogen; Jellyfish-derived fungus

MeSH Terms

Aquaculture
Enterococcus faecium
Fungi
Gliotoxin*
Humans
Lactococcus
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Mortality
Oxytetracycline
Penicillium
Staphylococcus
Streptococcus
Gliotoxin
Oxytetracycline

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Gliotoxin (1) and bisdethiobis(methylthio)gliotoxin (2).

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  Fig. 2 Key COSY and HMBC correlations of gliotoxin (1).

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  Fig. 3 CD spectrum of compound (1).

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