Hanyang Med Rev.  2018 Jun;38(2):80-84. 10.7599/hmr.2018.38.2.80.

Microbiome of Hepatobiliary Diseases

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Pathology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
  • 2Division of HBP Surgery, Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. crane87@hanyang.ac.kr

Abstract

The microbiome, which has been defined as "˜the ecological community of commensal, symbiotic and pathogenic microorganisms that share our body space, may be distinguished from the microbiota as it includes the collective genomes. An increasing level of evidence reveals that the human microbiome plays a major role in health. For this reason, it is often referred to as the "˜forgotten organ.' All surfaces of the human body that are exposed to the environment are colonized, including skin, respiratory system, urogenital tract and gastrointestinal (GI) tract, totaling at least 100 trillion microbial cells. The known roles of the GI microbiome include metabolic functions, synthesis functions, and immune roles. Recent studies indicate that the human gut microbiome plays a significant role in health and disease. Dysbiosis, defined as a pathological imbalance in a microbial community, is becoming increasingly appreciated as a "˜central environmental factor' that is both associated with complex phenotypes and affected by host genetics, diet, and antibiotic use. More recently, a link has been established between the dysmetabolism of bile acids (BAs) in the gut and the gut-liver axis, and this relationship with the microbiome has been highlighted. This review summarizes the microbiome of the hepatobiliary system and how microbiome is related to diseases of the liver and biliary tract.

Keyword

Microbiome; Liver; Gallbladder; Pancreas; Cancer

MeSH Terms

Bile Acids and Salts
Biliary Tract
Biota
Colon
Diet
Dysbiosis
Gallbladder
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Genetics
Genome
Human Body
Humans
Liver
Microbiota*
Pancreas
Phenotype
Respiratory System
Skin
Bile Acids and Salts

Cited by  1 articles

Human Microbiome and Resistome Studies
Mina Rho
Hanyang Med Rev. 2018;38(2):71-72.    doi: 10.7599/hmr.2018.38.2.71.


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