Intest Res.  2016 Apr;14(2):191-196. 10.5217/ir.2016.14.2.191.

Wernicke's encephalopathy after total parenteral nutrition in patients with Crohn's disease

• Shin IS
• Seok H
• Eun YH
• Lee YB
• Lee SE
• Kim ER
• Chang DK
• Kim YH
• Hong SN

• KMID: 2425294
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2016.14.2.191

Abstract

Micronutrient deficiencies in Crohn's disease (CD) patients are not uncommon and usually result in a combination of reduced dietary intake, disease-related malabsorption, and a catabolic state. Decreased serum thiamine levels are often reported in patients with CD. Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is a severe form of thiamine deficiency that can cause serious neurologic complications. Although WE is known to occur frequently in alcoholics, a number of non-alcoholic causes have also been reported. Here, we report two cases of non-alcoholic WE that developed in two severely malnourished CD patients who were supported by prolonged total parenteral nutrition without thiamine supplementation. These patients complained of sudden-onset ophthalmopathy, cerebellar dysfunction, and confusion. Magnetic resonance imaging allowed definitive diagnosis for WE despite poor sensitivity. The intravenous administration of thiamine alleviated the symptoms of WE dramatically. We emphasize the importance of thiamine supplementation for malnourished patients even if they are not alcoholics, especially in those with CD.

Keyword

Wernicke encephalopathy; Crohn disease; Thiamine

MeSH Terms

Administration, Intravenous
Alcoholics
Cerebellar Diseases
Crohn Disease*
Diagnosis
Humans
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Micronutrients
Parenteral Nutrition, Total*
Thiamine
Thiamine Deficiency
Wernicke Encephalopathy*
Micronutrients
Thiamine