Intest Res.  2018 Jan;16(1):90-98. 10.5217/ir.2018.16.1.90.

Distribution of cytomegalovirus genotypes among ulcerative colitis patients in Okinawa, Japan

• Nahar S
• Hokama A
• Iraha A
• Ohira T
• Kinjo T
• Hirata T
• Kinjo T
• Parrott GL
• Fujita J

• KMID: 2402652
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2018.16.1.90

Abstract

BACKGROUND/AIMS
To determine the prevalence of glycoprotein B (gB), glycoprotein N (gN), and glycoprotein H (gH) genotypes of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) superimposed on ulcerative colitis (UC) patients in Japan.
METHODS
Four archived stool samples and 7-archived extracted DNA from stool samples of 11 UC patients with positive multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results for HCMV were used UL55 gene encoding gB, UL73 gene encoding gN, and UL75 gene encoding gH were identified by PCR. Genotypes of gB and glycoprotein N were determined by sequencing.
RESULTS
Among 11 samples, 8 samples were amplified through PCR. gB, gN, and gH genotypes were successfully detected in 3 of 8 (37.5%), 4 of 8 (50%), and 8 of 8 (100%), respectively. The distribution of gB and gN genotypes analyzed through phylogenetic analysis were as follows: gB1 (2/3, 66.7%), gB3 (1/3, 33.3%), gN3a (2/4, 50%), and gN3b (2/4, 50%). Other gB genotypes (gB2 and gB4) and gN genotypes (gN1, gN2, and gN4) were not detected in this study. Out of successfully amplified 8 samples of gH genotype, gH1 and gH2 were distributed in 12.5% and 75% samples, respectively. Only 1 sample revealed mixed infection of gH genotype. The distribution of gH1 and gH2 differed significantly (1:6, P < 0.05) in UC patients. The distribution of single gH genotype also revealed significant difference in UC patients who were treated with immunosuppressive drug (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
In this study, gB1, gN3, and gH2 gene were determined as the most frequently observed genotypes in UC patients, which suggest that there might be an association between these genotypes of HCMV and UC.

Keyword

Polymerase chain reaction; Colitis, ulcerative; Cytomegalovirus; Genotype

MeSH Terms

Coinfection
Colitis, Ulcerative*
Cytomegalovirus*
DNA
Genotype*
Glycoproteins
Humans
Japan*
Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Prevalence
Ulcer*
DNA
Glycoproteins

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Gel images of PCR product of (A) gH, (B) gB, and (C) gN genotypes of human cytomegalovirus respectively after analyzing through electronic electrophoresis system. gH, glycoprotein H; gB, glycoprotein B; gN, glycoprotein N; LM, lower marker; UM, upper marker; JPN, Japan.

• 

  Fig. 2 Phylogenetic analysis of glycoprotein B (gB) and glycoprotein N (gN) genotypes of cytomegalovirus. The reference strains and isolates detected through NCBI BLAST are inserted for genetic comparison. The phylogenetic tree (rectangular) with 1,000 bootstrap replicates was reconstructed using maximum likelihood method and Kimura 2-parameter distances. (A) and (B) represent genetic relationships of gB and gN genotypes of cytomegalovirus, respectively. The strains detected in this study are represented by sample identification with codes mentioned as JPN: Japan.

• 

  Fig. 3 Prevalence of glycoprotein B (gB), glycoprotein N (gN) genes of cytomegalovirus in UC active patients.

• 

  Fig. 4 Prevalence rate of glycoprotein H (gH) gene of cytomegalovirus in UC active patients.

• 

  Fig. 5 Prevalence rate of glycoprotein H (gH) gene of cytomegalovirus in UC active patients treated with immunosuppressive drugs.

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