Clin Nutr Res.  2018 Jan;7(1):48-55. 10.7762/cnr.2018.7.1.48.

Food Elimination Diet and Nutritional Deficiency in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Yeonsung University, Anyang 14011, Korea.
  • 2Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Korea. soon56@sch.ac.kr
  • 3Digestive Disease Center and Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon 14584, Korea.

Abstract

Certain types of foods are common trigger for bowel symptoms such as abdominal discomfort or pain in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). But indiscriminate food exclusions from their diet can lead extensive nutritional deficiencies. The aim of this study was to investigate nutritional status, food restriction and nutrient intake status in IBD patients. A total 104 patients (food exclusion group: n = 49; food non-exclusion group: n = 55) participated in the survey. The contents were examined by 3 categories: 1) anthropometric and nutritional status; 2) diet beliefs and food restriction; and 3) nutrient intake. The malnutrition rate was significantly higher in the food exclusion group (p = 0.007) compared to food non-exclusion group. Fifty-nine percent of patients in the food exclusion group held dietary beliefs and reported modifying their intake according to their dietary belief. The most common restricted food was milk, dairy products (32.7%), raw fish (24.5%), deep-spicy foods (22.4%), and ramen (18.4%). The mean daily intake of calcium (p = 0.002), vitamin A (p < 0.001), and zinc (p = 0.001) were significantly lower in the food exclusion group. Considering malnutrition in IBD patients, nutrition education by trained dietitians is necessary for the patients to acquire disease-related knowledge and overall balanced nutrition as part of strategies in treating and preventing nutrition deficiencies.

Keyword

Inflammatory bowel diseases; Malnutrition; Attitude to health; Food intolerance

MeSH Terms

Attitude to Health
Calcium
Dairy Products
Diet*
Education
Humans
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases*
Malnutrition*
Milk
Nutritional Status
Nutritionists
Vitamin A
Zinc
Calcium
Vitamin A
Zinc

Figure

  • Figure 1 Comparison of nutritional status between groups. Data were reported as frequency (percentage) for categorical variables. p value for the significant difference between 2 groups is 0.007 and was calculated by χ2 test.


Cited by  1 articles

The dietary practices and beliefs of British South Asian people living with inflammatory bowel disease: a multicenter study from the United Kingdom
Benjamin Crooks, Ravi Misra, Naila Arebi, Klaartje Kok, Matthew J. Brookes, John McLaughlin, Jimmy K. Limdi
Intest Res. 2022;20(1):53-63.    doi: 10.5217/ir.2020.00079.


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