J Nutr Health.  2017 Dec;50(6):543-551. 10.4163/jnh.2017.50.6.543.

Effects of fermented blueberry liquid in high-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice

• Jeon JH
• Kim B
• Mun EG
• Cha YS
• Yu OK

• KMID: 2401011
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2017.50.6.543

Abstract

PURPOSE
The objective of the present study was to determine whether fermentation can increase the protective effects of blueberry liquid in a high-fat diet-induced obese mice model.
METHODS
Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet (HD, 60% fat, w/w,), HD supplemented with 10 ml/kg BW/day of blueberry liquid (BHD, blueberry high-fat diet), or HD supplemented with 10 ml/kg BW/day of fermented blueberry liquid (FBHD, fermented blueberry high-fat diet) for 10 weeks.
RESULTS
There were significant decreases in the body, epididymal adipose tissue, and liver weights of blueberry-fed groups compared to HD, whereas there were no significant differences in food intake among the groups. Furthermore, blueberry liquid groups, especially fermented blueberry liquid, significantly attenuated the contents of hepatic triglycerides and total cholesterol induced by HD. Serum LDL-cholesterol was significantly lower in the BHD and FBHD-fed groups, whereas FBHD significantly increased the serum HDL-cholesterol level compared to the control. Concentrations of aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, and leptins in serum were also reduced by blueberry liquid supplementation. The mRNA expression of hepatic acetyl CoA carboxylase was significantly reduced in both the BHD and FBHD groups compared to HD. Furthermore, FBHD altered the mRNA expression level of hepatic lipolysis genes.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, these results suggest that blueberry, especially fermented blueberry liquid, may improve obesity-related abnormalities.

Keyword

high-fat diet; fermented blueberry liquid; anti-obesity; C57BL/6J

MeSH Terms

Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase
Adipose Tissue
Alanine Transaminase
Animals
Aspartate Aminotransferases
Blueberry Plant*
Cholesterol
Diet, High-Fat
Eating
Fermentation
Humans
Leptin
Lipolysis
Liver
Male
Mice*
Mice, Obese
RNA, Messenger
Triglycerides
Weights and Measures
Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase
Alanine Transaminase
Aspartate Aminotransferases
Cholesterol
Leptin
RNA, Messenger
Triglycerides

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Serum chemistry of C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat diet for 10 weeks (a) lipid content, (b) aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), (c) leptin and adiponectin levels. Data are expressed as mean ± SD of 7 mice per group. Values with different superscripts are significantly different by ANOVA with Duncan's multiple range test (p < 0.05). HD, hight-fat diet; BHD, hight-fat diet plus 10 ml/kg BW/day of non-fermented blueberry liquid; FBHD, hight-fat diet plus 10 ml/kg BW/day of fermented blueberry liquid

• 

  Fig. 2 Hepatic gene expressions in C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat diet for 10 weeks (a) lipogenic gene expression, (b) lipolysis-associated gene expression. Data are expressed as mean ± SD of 7 mice per group. Values with different superscripts are significantly different by ANOVA with Duncan's multiple range test (p < 0.05). HD, hight-fat diet; BHD, hight-fat diet plus 10 ml/kg BW/day of non-fermented blueberry liquid; FBHD, hight-fat diet plus 10 ml/kg BW/day of fermented blueberry liquid. PPARγ, peroxisome proliferator-activator receptor-gamma; C/EBPα, CCAAT-enhancer- binding protein-alpha; SREBP-1c, Sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1c; FAS, fatty acid synthase; ACC, acetyl-CoA carboxlyase; ATGL, adipose triglyceride lipase; HSL, hormone sensitive lipase; CPT1α, carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1-alpha; ACOX, acyl-CoA oxidase; PPARα peroxisome proliferator-activator receptor-alpha

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