Allergy Asthma Respir Dis.  2017 Mar;5(2):92-98. 10.4168/aard.2017.5.2.92.

Clinical characteristics of lower respiratory infections in preterm children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia

• Lee NH
• Kim SJ
• Choi HJ

• KMID: 2392380
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4168/aard.2017.5.2.92

Abstract

PURPOSE
We evaluated the clinical characteristics of lower respiratory infections of preterm children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and compared them between those with and without lower respiratory infections that of preterm patients without BPD.
METHODS
This study enrolled preterm patients under 2 years old, who admitted with acute lower respiratory infection from March 2014 to May 2016. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to BPD, and we retrospectively reviewed their medical records.
RESULTS
A total of 71 patients (106 cases) were enrolled; the BPD group consisited of 29 patients (54 cases) and the control group 42 patients (52 cases). Compared to the patients in the control group, those in the BPD group were older (P=0.001), had lower gestational age and birth weight (P<0.001), and showed more frequent readmission in hospital (P=0.017). The most common causative virus was human rhinovirus (hRV) in the BPD group, whereas respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in the control group. The patients in the BPD group showed a higher incidence of tachypnea, decreased aeration, and chest retraction (P<0.001, P=0.009, and P=0.026, respectively), a higher respiratory symptom score (P=0.011), a longer duration of cough and wheezy sounds (P=0.004 and P=0.009, respectively), and higher incidence and longer duration of treatment with oxygen, and mechanical ventilator support (P=0.016 and P=0.017, respectively) than those in the control group. In the BPD group, the patients with RSV showed a higher incidence of tachypnea and rales (P=0.033 and P=0.033, respectively) than those with hRV.
CONCLUSION
The preterm children with BPD may have more severe clinical manifestations than those without.

Keyword

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia; Prematurity; Respiratory infection

MeSH Terms

Birth Weight
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia*
Child*
Cough
Gestational Age
Humans
Incidence
Infant, Newborn
Medical Records
Oxygen
Respiratory Sounds
Respiratory Syncytial Viruses
Respiratory Tract Infections*
Retrospective Studies
Rhinovirus
Tachypnea
Thorax
Ventilators, Mechanical
Oxygen

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Proportion of repeated admission between groups. The proportion of repeated admission of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) group was significantly higher than control group.

• 

  Fig. 2 The causing viruses of lower respiratory tract infection according to bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD; A) and palivizumab prophylaxis in total group (B), BPD group (C) and control group (D). The most common causing virus was human rhinovirus (hRV) in BPD group, whereas respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in control group. hMPV, human metapneumonvirus; PIV, parainfluenza virus; hBoV, human bocavirus; hCoV, human coronavirus; IFV, influenzavirus.

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