Korean J Orthod.  2017 Sep;47(5):306-312. 10.4041/kjod.2017.47.5.306.

The effect of fluoride-containing oral rinses on the corrosion resistance of titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V)

• Huang GY
• Jiang HB
• Cha JY
• Kim KM
• Hwang CJ

• KMID: 2389146
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4041/kjod.2017.47.5.306

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of commercially available fluoride-containing oral rinses on the corrosion behavior of titanium alloys, which are the main components of orthodontic miniscrews.
METHODS
Four commercially available oral rinses (solution A, pH 4.46/260 ppm fluoride; solution B, pH 4.41/178 ppm fluoride; solution C, pH 6.30/117 ppm fluoride; and solution D, pH 4.17/3.92 ppm fluoride) were tested on titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) circular plates, and saline was used as the control. The open-circuit potential and potentiodynamic polarization of these materials were measured. Thereafter, all samples were evaluated under a field-emission scanning electron microscope.
RESULTS
Among the tested oral rinses, except solution D, the more the fluoride content was, the greater was the corrosion potential downtrend; the corrosion resistance of the titanium alloy sample was also lowered significantly (p < 0.05). Field-emission scanning electron microscopic analysis of the surface morphology of the titanium alloy samples revealed that all samples had some defects, crevices, or pitting after exposure to the oral rinses than before treatment. In particular, the samples in solution A showed the most changes.
CONCLUSIONS
Commercially available oral rinses having a high fluoride concentration and a low pH may reduce the corrosion resistance of titanium alloys used in dental appliances such as orthodontic titanium miniscrews and brackets.

Keyword

Corrosion resistance; Fluoride; Oral rinse; Titanium alloy

MeSH Terms

Alloys*
Corrosion*
Fluorides
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Titanium*
Alloys
Fluorides
Titanium

Figure

• 

  Figure 1 Representative open-circuit potential plots. Variations in the titanium alloy open-circuit potentials of four oral rinses containing (A) 260 ppm fluoride, (B) 178 ppm fluoride, (C) 117 ppm fluoride, (D) 3.92 ppm fluoride, and (S) saline.

• 

  Figure 2 Representative potentiodynamic polarization plots. Titanium alloy samples in four oral rinses containing (A) 260 ppm fluoride, (B) 178 ppm fluoride, (C) 117 ppm fluoride, (D) 3.92 ppm fluoride, and (S) saline. The potential scan rate is 10 mV/s.

• 

  Figure 3 Surface morphology of the titanium samples under a field-emission scanning electron microscope after the electrochemical corrosion tests (magnification, 5,000×). (A) Micrograph of a sample before the electrochemical tests. Micrographs of samples after treatment with (B) solution A (260 ppm fluoride), (C) solution B (178 ppm fluoride), (D) solution C (117 ppm fluoride), (E) solution D (3.92 ppm fluoride), and (F) the saline solution. Scale bars = 5 µm.

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