J Korean Ophthalmol Soc.  2017 Mar;58(3):313-320. 10.3341/jkos.2017.58.3.313.

Association of the GSTM1 and GSTT1 Genes with Diabetic Retinopathy in the Korean Population

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea. redvein@naver.com
  • 2Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea.

Abstract

PURPOSE
To investigate the correlation between Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) genes and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).
METHODS
In this case-control study, 131 patients who were diagnosed with DR, 105 diabetic patients who did not have DR, and 45 nondiabetic controls were examined from January 2013 to November 2015. To analyze deletion of the GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes, polymerase chain reactions of DNA in a buffy coat from peripheral blood were performed via electrophoresis.
RESULTS
There were no statistically significant differences in age, sex, or spherical equivalent between the 236 type 2 diabetic patients and the 45 normal controls (p > 0.05). In both univariate and multivariate analyses, the duration of type 2 DR was longer (p = 0.004, p = 0.013), and HbA1c was higher (p = 0.004, p = 0.007) in the DR group than in the non-DR group. Presence of a GSTM1 deletion is associated with a lower frequency of DR (p = 0.017, p = 0.012).
CONCLUSIONS
Deletion of the GSTT1 gene is not associated with an increased risk of DR, whereas GSTM1 deletion is associated with a lower risk of DR in patients with type 2 DM in the Korean population. Additional studies with larger sample sizes and different types of GST genes are needed to confirm this study.

Keyword

Deletion; Diabetes mellitus; Glutathione-S-transferase; Retinopathy

MeSH Terms

Case-Control Studies
Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Diabetic Retinopathy*
DNA
Electrophoresis
Humans
Multivariate Analysis
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Sample Size
DNA

Figure

  • Figure 1. A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene polymorphism. GSTT1 and GSTM1 PCR products were analyzed by electrophoresis on a 1.5% agar-ose gel. Lane M is a 60 base-pair DNA ladder (molecular weight marker). Lane 1 GSTT1-present/GSTM1-present, Lane 2 GSTT1- null/GSTM1-present, Lane 3 GSTT1-present/GSTM1- null, Lane 4 GSTT1-null/GSTM1-null sample. GSTT1 = glutathione-S-trans-ferase theta 1; GSTM1 = glutathione-S-transferase mu 1.


Reference

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