Korean J Ophthalmol.  2015 Jun;29(3):155-159. 10.3341/kjo.2015.29.3.155.

Demographic Features of Idiopathic Macular Telangiectasia in Korean Patients

• Kim SH
• Oh J
• Ahn SE
• Park CY
• Oh JH

• KMID: 2363752
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3341/kjo.2015.29.3.155

Abstract

PURPOSE
To investigate the clinical and demographic features of idiopathic macular telangiectasia (MacTel) in Korean patients since the introduction of spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).
METHODS
We reviewed medical records of patients who were diagnosed with MacTel from 2009 to 2013. All patients underwent fluorescein angiography and SD-OCT and were classified as type 1 or type 2 according to the classification system proposed by Yannuzzi.
RESULTS
Over a period of 5 years, 4 (18.2%) patients were diagnosed with type 1 MacTel and 18 (81.8%) patients were diagnosed with type 2 MacTel. All patients with type1 MacTel were male, and their mean age was 51 +/- 8.6 years. Among patients with type 2 MacTel, 3 (16.7%) were male, 15 (83.3%) were female, and the mean age was 60 +/- 13.6 years. Whereas all type 1 MacTel patients had either metamorphopsia or mild scotoma, of the 18 patients with type 2 MacTel, only 4 (22.2%) had those symptoms, 10 (55.6%) complained of only mild visual impairment, and the other 4 (22.2%) had no symptoms. Intraretinal cystoid spaces were observed in 26 (72.2%) of 36 eyes with type 2 MacTel by SD-OCT. These cystoid spaces had irregular boundaries and did not correspond to angiographic leakages.
CONCLUSIONS
Type 2 MacTel was most common in the present study. The wider availability of SD-OCT may have contributed to the diagnosis of type 2 MacTel. Type 2 MacTel may be more prevalent than type 1 in Koreans, which corresponds to the results of Western countries.

Keyword

Idiopathic juxtafoveal retinal telangiectasia; Macular telangiectasia; Spectral domain optical coherence tomography

MeSH Terms

Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Female
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Republic of Korea/epidemiology
Retina/pathology
*Retinal Telangiectasis/diagnosis/epidemiology/pathology/physiopathology
Retrospective Studies

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Type 1 idiopathic macular telangiectasia. (A) Fundus photograph shows multiple microaneurysms and retinal edema with hard exudates. (B) Late phase of fluorescein angiograph shows telangiectasis and multiple microaneurysms. (C) Spectral domain optical coherence tomography image shows retinal thickening and cystoid spaces.

• 

  Fig. 2 Type 2 idiopathic macular telangiectasia. (A) Fundus photograph shows slight graying of the perifoveolar retina. (B) Late phase of fluorescein angiograph shows hyperfluorescence temporal to the foveola. (C) Spectral domain optical coherence tomography image shows cystoid spaces without retinal thickening.

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