Korean J Health Promot.  2016 Jun;16(2):111-118. 10.15384/kjhp.2016.16.2.111.

Associations between Smoking, Drinking and Depression among Korean Adults: The 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

• Park SM
• Han MA
• Park J
• Ryu SY
• Choi SW
• Shin HH
• Joo MH

• KMID: 2328602
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.15384/kjhp.2016.16.2.111

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The prevalence of depression has been steadily increasing. This study aim to identify associations between smoking, drinking and depression in Korean adults.
METHODS
The study subjects were 17,871 adults aged 19 or over who participated in the 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010-2012). We performed multiple logistic regression to identify whether smoking and drinking were independently significant variables to depression after adjusting for the confounding variables.
RESULTS
The proportion of having any depressive episodes was a total of 13.4% with 9.1% of male and 16.6% of female, respectively. Among all of smoking behaviors, higher cigarette consumption was only associated with depression in men. However, for women ever-smoking (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=1.63, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.38-1.92), ex-smoking (aOR=1.38, 95% CI=1.10-1.54), current smoking (aOR=1.89, 95% CI=1.53-2.94) and younger initiation of smoking (aOR=2.34, 95% CI=1.73-3.16) had significantly higher odds for depression. Moreover, and higher cigarette consumption (20 or more per day) showed significantly higher odds ratios for depression both in men (aOR=1.21, 95% CI=1.01-1.54) and women (aOR=2.41, 95% CI=1.32-4.41). For alcoholic drinking behaviors, frequent binge drinking (1 per week: aOR=1.46, 95% CI=1.16-1.85, most everyday: aOR=1.79, 95% CI=1.14-2.80) was an independent risk factor for depressive symptoms in female.
CONCLUSIONS
Smoking and drinking behaviors were independently associated with depression especially in female. Smoking and drinking management may benefit depression control as well as health promotion.

Keyword

Alcohol drinking; Depression; Nutritional surveys; Smoking

MeSH Terms

Adult*
Alcohol Drinking
Alcoholics
Binge Drinking
Confounding Factors (Epidemiology)
Depression*
Drinking Behavior
Drinking*
Female
Health Promotion
Humans
Korea*
Logistic Models
Male
Nutrition Surveys*
Odds Ratio
Prevalence
Risk Factors
Smoke*
Smoking*
Tobacco Products
Smoke

Reference

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