J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg.  2010 Dec;36(6):502-507.

Genetic influence and heritability in mandibular prognathism of Korean families

• Kim YH
• Cho HY
• Baek CH
• Lee AY
• Kim G
• Kim WY
• Suh YJ
• Baek SH
• Hong J
• Paeng JY

Abstract

INTRODUCTION
This study examined the genetic influence of mandibular prognathism epidemiologically in Korean families.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Over a 5-year period from 2005 to 2009, a questionnaire with a pedigree chart was given to 100 (male 51, female 49) probands with skeletal Class III mandibular prognathism, who had undergone orthognathic surgery in Samsung Medical Center.
RESULTS
The average age of the probands was 22.1. The average SNA, SNB and ANB angles of the probands were 81.2degrees, 84.1degreesand -2.9degrees, respectively. A total of 2729 (male 1,354, female 1,375) family members were examined, and the affected ratio of the families was 3.5% with no significant difference between genders. 45% of families had at least one member with a Class III malocclusion other than the proband. The affected ratio of the first-degree relatives (10.9%) was significantly higher than those of the second-degree (3.3%) and third-degree (1.9%) relatives. The affected ratio of the total relatives from the male probands (4.2%) was significantly higher than that of the female probands (2.8%). Heritability (h2, Falconer'method) was estimated to be 29.8% (0.298+/-0.059) in first-degree relatives.
CONCLUSION
These results showed the significant influence of mandibular prognathism with relatively low heritability in first-degree relatives in Korean families of probands, who had undergone orthognathic surgery to correct a skeletal Class III malocclusion.

Keyword

Mandibular prognathism; Genetic influence; Epidemiologic investigation; Heritability

MeSH Terms

Female
Humans
Male
Malocclusion
Orthognathic Surgery
Pedigree
Prognathism
Surveys and Questionnaires

Figure

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  Fig. 1. Questionnaire with pedigree chart used in this study.

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  Fig. 2. Diagnostic tools for the evaluation of skeletal Class III mandibular prognathism. A: Lateral photograph, B: Cephalogram, C: Study model.

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