J Nutr Health.  2014 Aug;47(4):247-257. 10.4163/jnh.2014.47.4.247.

Comparison of chronic disease risk by dietary carbohydrate energy ratio in Korean elderly: Using the 2007-2009 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

• Park MS
• Suh YS
• Chung YJ

• KMID: 2327158
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2014.47.4.247

Abstract

PURPOSE
It is reported that most senior people consume a high carbohydrate diet, while a high carbohydrate diet could contribute to the risk of chronic disease. The aim of this study is to determine whether a high carbohydrate diet can increase the risk of chronic disease in elderly Koreans.
METHODS
Using the 2007-2009 Korean National Health Nutrition Examination Survey data, out of a total of 3,917 individuals aged 65 and above, final 1,535 subjects were analyzed, divided by dietary carbohydrate energy ratio into two groups of moderate carbohydrate ratio (MCR, 55-70%) and excessive carbohydrate ratio (ECR, > 70%). All data were processed after the application of weighted value, using a general linear model or logistic regression.
RESULTS
Eighty one percent of elderly Koreans consumed diets with carbohydrate energy ratio above 70%. The ECR group included more female subjects, rural residents, lower income, and lower education level. The ECR group showed lower waist circumference, lower diastolic blood pressure, and lower frequency of consumption of meat and egg, milk, and alcohol. The intake of energy and most nutrients, with the exception of fiber, potassium, vitamin A, and carotene, was lower in the ECR group compared to the MCR group. When analyzed by gender, the ECR group showed lower risk of dyslipidemia in male and obesity in female subjects, even though the ECR group showed low intake of some nutrients. No difference in the risk of hypertension, diabetes, and anemia was observed between the two groups in male or female subjects.
CONCLUSION
This result suggested that a high carbohydrate diet would not be a cause to increase the risk of chronic disease in the elderly. Further study is needed in order to determine an appropriate carbohydrate energy ratio for elderly Koreans to reduce the risk of chronic disease.

Keyword

Korean elderly; carbohydrate energy ratio; risk; chronic disease; acceptable macronutrient distribution range

MeSH Terms

Aged*
Anemia
Blood Pressure
Carotenoids
Chronic Disease*
Diet
Dietary Carbohydrates*
Dyslipidemias
Education
Female
Humans
Hypertension
Korea
Linear Models
Logistic Models
Male
Meat
Milk
Nutrition Surveys*
Obesity
Ovum
Potassium
Vitamin A
Waist Circumference
Carotenoids
Dietary Carbohydrates
Potassium
Vitamin A

Reference

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