Tuberc Respir Dis.  2014 Jul;77(1):18-23.

Annual Change in Pulmonary Function and Clinical Characteristics of Combined Pulmonary Fibrosis and Emphysema and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Over a 3-Year Follow-up

• Kim YJ
• Shin SH
• Park JW
• Kyung SY
• Kang SM
• Lee SP
• Sung YM
• Kim YK
• Jeong SH

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) have different pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and outcomes than idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The intention of this study was to identify unknown differences between CPFE and IPF by a retrospective comparison of clinical data including baseline and annual changes in pulmonary function, comorbidities, laboratory findings, clinical characteristics and cause of hospitalization.
METHODS
This study retrospectively enrolled patients with CPFE and IPF who had undergone PFTs once or several times per year during a follow-up period of three years. Baseline clinical characteristics and the annual changes in the pulmonary function during the follow-up period were compared between 26 with CPFE and 42 patients with IPF.
RESULTS
The baseline ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC%) in patients with CPFE was lower than that in patients with IPF (78.6+/-1.7 vs. 82.9+/-1.1, p=0.041). The annual decrease in FEV1/FVC in the CPFE was significantly higher than in the IPF. The annual decreases in diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide and FVC showed no significant differences between the two groups. The symptom durations of cough and sputum were in the CPFE significantly lower than in the IPF. The serum erythrocyte sedimentation rate level at the acute stage was significantly higher than in the IPF. There were no significant differences in the hospitalization rate and pneumonia was the most common cause of hospitalization in both study groups.
CONCLUSION
The annual decrease of FEV1/FVC was in patients with CPFE significantly higher than in the patients with IPF.

Keyword

Pulmonary Emphysema; Pulmonary Fibrosis; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis; Respiratory Function Tests

MeSH Terms

Blood Sedimentation
Carbon Monoxide
Comorbidity
Cough
Diffusion
Emphysema*
Follow-Up Studies*
Forced Expiratory Volume
Hospitalization
Humans
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis*
Intention
Pneumonia
Pulmonary Emphysema
Pulmonary Fibrosis*
Respiratory Function Tests
Retrospective Studies
Sputum
Vital Capacity
Carbon Monoxide

Figure

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  Figure 1 Kaplan-Meier survival curves. CPFE: combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema; IPF: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

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