Restor Dent Endod.  2013 Nov;38(4):210-214.

Chlorhexidine gel associated with papain in pulp tissue dissolution

Affiliations
  • 1Southwest Bahia State University-UESB, Jequie, Bahia, Brazil.
  • 2Master Endodontics, State University of Campinas-Unicamp, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
  • 3Department of Health Southwest Bahia State University-UESB, Jequie, Bahia, Brazil. matheuspithon@gmail.com

Abstract


OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to evaluate the capacity of 2% chlorhexidine gel associated with 8% papain gel in comparison with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite in bovine pulp tissue dissolution.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Ninety bovine pulps of standardized sizes were used and fragmented into 5-mm sizes. The fragments were removed from the root middle third region. They were divided into 6 experimental groups (n = 15), 1) 8% papain; 2) 2% chlorhexidine; 3) 2% chlorhexidine associated with 8% papain; 4) 0.9% saline solution; 5) 2.5% sodium hypochlorite; and 6) 5.25% sodium hypochlorite. The pulp fragments were weighed and put into immobile test tubes for dissolution for time intervals of 30, 60, 90, and 120 min.
RESULTS
The 5.25% sodium hypochlorite had greater dissolution potential than the pure papain, and when associated with chlorhexidine, both promoted greater dissolution than did the saline solution and 2% chlorhexidine groups (p < 0.05). The 2.5% sodium hypochlorite promoted dissolution to a lesser extent than the groups with papain within a period of 30 min (p < 0.05), but, was comparable to the saline solution and chlorhexidine. After 120 min, the 2.5% and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite promoted dissolution of 100% of the pulp fragments, and papain, 61%, while chlorhexidine associated with papain and chlorhexidine alone dissolved only 55% and 3%, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
The 8% papain in gel, both alone and in association with chlorhexidine, was able to dissolve bovine pulp tissue, but to a lesser extent than did 5.25% sodium hypochlorite.

Keyword

Chlorhexidine; Endodontics; Papain

MeSH Terms

Chlorhexidine*
Endodontics
Papain*
Sodium Chloride
Sodium Hypochlorite
Chlorhexidine
Papain
Sodium Chloride
Sodium Hypochlorite

Figure

  • Figure 1 Percentage of pulp tissue dissolution in different time intervals.


Reference

1. Kakehashi S, Stanley HR, Fitzgerald RJ. The effects of surgical exposures of dental pulps in germ-free and conventional laboratory rats. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1965; 20:340–349.
Article
2. Safavi KE, Spangberg LS, Langeland K. Root canal dentinal tubule disinfection. J Endod. 1990; 16:207–210.
Article
3. Moreira DM, Almeida JF, Ferraz CC, Gomes BP, Line SR, Zaia AA. Structural analysis of bovine root dentin after use of different endodontics auxiliary chemical substances. J Endod. 2009; 35:1023–1027.
Article
4. Morris MD, Lee KW, Agee KA, Bouillaguet S, Pashley DH. Effects of sodium hypochlorite and RC-prep on bond strengths of resin cement to endodontic surfaces. J Endod. 2001; 27:753–757.
Article
5. Kerbl FM, DeVilliers P, Litaker M, Eleazer PD. Physical effects of sodium hypochlorite on bone: an ex vivo study. J Endod. 2012; 38:357–359.
6. Paschoalino Mde A, Hanan AA, Marques AA, Garcia Lda F, Garrido AB, Sponchiado EC Jr. Injection of sodium hypochlorite beyond the apical foramen-a case report. Gen Dent. 2012; 60:16–19.
7. Behrents KT, Speer ML, Noujeim M. Sodium hypochlorite accident with evaluation by cone beam computed tomography. Int Endod J. 2012; 45:492–498.
Article
8. Dametto FR, Ferraz CC, Gomes BP, Zaia AA, Teixeira FB, de Souza-Filho FJ. In vitro assessment of the immediate and prolonged antimicrobial action of chlorhexidine gel as an endodontic irrigant against Enterococcus faecalis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2005; 99:768–772.
Article
9. Ferraz CC, Gomes BP, Zaia AA, Teixeira FB, Souza-Filho FJ. In vitro assessment of the antimicrobial action and the mechanical ability of chlorhexidine gel as an endodontic irrigant. J Endod. 2001; 27:452–455.
Article
10. Ferraz CC, Gomes BP, Zaia AA, Teixeira FB, Souza-Filho FJ. Comparative study of the antimicrobial efficacy of chlorhexidine gel, chlorhexidine solution and sodium hypochlorite as endodontic irrigants. Braz Dent J. 2007; 18:294–298.
Article
11. Okino LA, Siqueira EL, Santos M, Bombana AC, Figueiredo JA. Dissolution of pulp tissue by aqueous solution of chlorhexidine digluconate and chlorhexidine digluconate gel. Int Endod J. 2004; 37:38–41.
Article
12. Moorer WR, Wesselink PR. Factors promoting the tissue dissolving capability of sodium hypochlorite. Int Endod J. 1982; 15:187–196.
Article
13. Callahan JR. Sulfuric acid for opening root canals. Dent Cosmos. 1984; 36:957–959.
14. Carrillo CM, Tanaka MH, Cesar MF, Camargo MA, Juliano Y, Novo NF. Use of papain gel in disabled patients. J Dent Child (Chic). 2008; 75:222–228.
15. Ferreira CM, Bonifácio KC, Fröner IC, Ito IY. Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of three irrigating solutions in teeth with pulpal necrosis. Braz Dent J. 1999; 10:15–21.
16. Duarte MAH, Yamashita JC, Lanza P, de Campos Fraga S, Kuga MC. Influência da irrigação endodôntica com gel de papaína no selamento apical. Salusvita. 2001; 20:27–33.
17. Gianini RJ, do Amaral FL, Flório FM, Basting RT. Microtensile bond strength of etch-and-rinse and self-etch adhesive systems to demineralized dentin after the use of a papain-based chemomechanical method. Am J Dent. 2010; 23:23–28.
18. Piva E, Ogliari FA, Moraes RR, Corá F, Henn S, Correr-Sobrinho L. Papain-based gel for biochemical caries removal: influence on microtensile bond strength to dentin. Braz Oral Res. 2008; 22:364–370.
Article
19. Botelho Amaral FL, Martão Florio F, Bovi Ambrosano GM, Basting RT. Morphology and microtensile bond strength of adhesive systems to in situ-formed caries-affected dentin after the use of a papain-based chemomechanical gel method. Am J Dent. 2011; 24:13–19.
20. Irala LE, Grazziotin-Soares R, Salles AA, Munari AZ, Pereira JS. Dissolution of bovine pulp tissue in solutions consisting of varying NaOCl concentrations and combined with EDTA. Braz Oral Res. 2010; 24:271–276.
Article
21. Stojicic S, Zivkovic S, Qian W, Zhang H, Haapasalo M. Tissue dissolution by sodium hypochlorite: effect of concentration, temperature, agitation, and surfactant. J Endod. 2010; 36:1558–1562.
Article
22. Christensen CE, McNeal SF, Eleazer P. Effect of lowering the pH of sodium hypochlorite on dissolving tissue in vitro. J Endod. 2008; 34:449–452.
Article
23. Marending M, Luder HU, Brunner TJ, Knecht S, Stark WJ, Zehnder M. Effect of sodium hypochlorite on human root dentine-mechanical, chemical and structural evaluation. Int Endod J. 2007; 40:786–793.
Article
24. Zehnder M, Grawehr M, Hasselgren G, Waltimo T. Tissue-dissolution capacity and dentin-disinfecting potential of calcium hydroxide mixed with irrigating solutions. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2003; 96:608–613.
Article
Full Text Links
  • RDE
Actions
Cited
CITED
export Copy
Close
Share
  • Twitter
  • Facebook
Similar articles
Copyright © 2024 by Korean Association of Medical Journal Editors. All rights reserved.     E-mail: koreamed@kamje.or.kr