Korean J Urol.  2010 Jul;51(7):456-462.

Significance of S100A2 and S100A4 Expression in the Progression of Prostate Adenocarcinoma

• Kwon YW
• Chang IH
• Kim KD
• Kim YS
• Myung SC
• Kim MK
• Kim TH

Abstract

PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to investigate the expression pattern of calcium-binding proteins S100A2 and S100A4. We also sought to determine the prognostic value of these markers for patients with prostate adenocarcinoma.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect S100A2 and S100A4 expression in 26 tissue samples obtained during transurethral resection from patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and in 67 tissue samples obtained during prostate biopsy and radical prostatectomy from patients with prostate carcinoma. The immunoreactivity of these proteins was stratified on a scale of 0 to 3 and was correlated with the pathologic features of prostate adenocarcinoma.
RESULTS
High expression of S100A2 was observed in the tissue of patients with BPH, whereas low or no expression was observed in prostate cancer (CaP) cells. The protein level of S100A4 was significantly higher in CaP than in BPH cells. The higher level of S100A4 observed in CaP tissue correlated with increasing tumor grade.
CONCLUSIONS
Decreased expression of S100A2 and increased expression of S100A4 may be important in the progression of CaP. This finding could aid in identifying aggressive CaP. The simultaneous analysis of S100A2 and S100A4 expression in prostate tissues may be a useful prognostic marker for CaP.

Keyword

Prostatic hyperplasia; Prostatic neoplasms; S100A2 protein, human; S100A4 protein, human

MeSH Terms

Adenocarcinoma*
Biopsy
Calcium-Binding Proteins
Humans
Prostate*
Prostatectomy
Prostatic Hyperplasia
Prostatic Neoplasms
Calcium-Binding Proteins

Figure

• 

  FIG. 1 Grading system used for in the expression of S100A2 (H&E, ×100). The degree of expression was graded on 4-point scale of 0 to 3: 0 (negative stain), 1+(weak staining), 2+(moderate staining), and 3+(strong staining). (A) Strong cytoplasmic expression of S100A2 was observed in benign prostatic hyperplasia tissue. (B) Moderate cytoplasmic expression of S100A2 was observed in CaP tissue (Gleason score 6). (C) There was weak cytoplasmic expression of S100A2 in CaP tissue (Gleason score 7). (D) Negative cytoplasmic expression of S100A2 in the CaP tissue (Gleason score 8). CaP: prostate cancer.

• 

  FIG. 2 Immunostaining of S100A4 protein in representative samples from cancer tissue with different degrees of progression of prostate cancer (CaP) (H&E, ×100). (A) The cytoplasmic expression of S100A4 in benign prostatic hyperplasia tissue was negative. (B) Weak in CaP tissue (Gleason score 6). (C) Moderate in CaP tissue (Gleason score 7). (D) There was strong cytoplasmic expression of S100A4 in CaP tissue (Gleason score 8). CaP: prostate cancer.

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  FIG. 3 Kaplan-Meier product-limit analysis of the length of biochemical relapse-free survival among CaP patients with low expression (IS=0 or 1) and high expression (IS=2 or 3) of S100A2 protein. CaP: prostate cancer, IS: immunoreactive score.

• 

  FIG. 4 Kaplan-Meier product-limit analysis of the length of biochemical relapse-free survival among prostate cancer patients with low expression (IS=0 or 1) and high expression (IS=2 or 3) of S100A4 protein. CaP: prostate cancer, IS: immunoreactive score.

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