The Incidence of Osteoporosis and the Related Factors Among Injured Sites in Above 50 Year-old Patients with Fractures Caused by Low-energy Trauma

Heo, Youn Moo; Yi, Jin Woong; Kim, Kwang Kyoun; Lee, Jung Bum; Jo, In Ho; Lee, Jae Ik

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
To compare the incidence of osteoporosis and the related factors among fracture sites in above 50 year-old patients with fractures caused by low-energy trauma.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Seven hundred and fourteen patients with fracture from low energy trauma were evaluated retrospectively. By the Dual-energy x-ray absorptionmetry, we measured bone mineral density (BMD) at lumbar spine and proximal femur, and compared the incidence of osteoporosis, age, sex, body mass index (BMI), previous fracture history, past osteoporosis medication history according to each fracture sites.
RESULTS
BMD was decreased according to increasing age with statistical significance (P<0.001). Sex has no significant difference according to fracture site (P=0.141). Average age of patients with osteoporotic fracture was 73.8, 72.8, 66.3, 73.4, 78.3 years old according to fracture site as T-spine, L-spine, distal radius, proximal humerus and proximal femur, respectively. There was significant difference among groups (P<0.001). Average BMI related with osteoporotic fracture site was 22.9 kg/m2, 22.7 kg/m2, 23.4 kg/m2, 23.0 kg/m2, 21.7 kg/m2, respectively and it showed significant difference among groups (P<0.001). Average bone mass and T-score related with osteoporotic fracture site was 0.587 g/cm2 (-3.5), 0.614 g/cm2 (-3.1), 0.647 g/cm2 (-2.6), 0.597 g/cm2 (-3.1), 0.554 g/cm2 (-3.5), with significant difference among groups (P<0.001). Previous fracture history had no significant difference among groups (P=0.078). Previous osteoporosis medication history had significant difference among the groups (P<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
In low-energy traumatic fracture, age, BMI and previous osteoporosis medication history are significantly related factors with BMD and osteoporotic fracture. Early diagnosis of osteoporosis and osteoporotic medication use is effective for decrease incidence of low-energy osteoporotic fracture.