Nutr Res Pract.  2015 Aug;9(4):350-357. 10.4162/nrp.2015.9.4.350.

Characteristics of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease induced in wistar rats following four different diets

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph University, Damascus Road, Beirut, Lebanon. nicolsayegh@gmail.com
  • 2Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon.
  • 3Department of Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon.
  • 4Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Public Health II, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
  • 5Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
  • 6Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Public Health II, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
  • 7Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Institut Polytechnique LaSalle Beauvais, 19, rue Pierre Waguet, France.

Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES
The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has increased worldwide in parallel with overnutrition characterized by high-fat and high-carbohydrate intake. Our objective was to establish, in 16 weeks, a model of NAFLD in Wistar pathogen-free rats following four dietary types.
MATERIALS/METHODS
Forty (6 weeks old) healthy Wistar male rats, weighing an average of 150 g were randomly divided into four groups of ten and assigned a diet with the same quantity (15 g/rat/day), but with different composition. The moderate-fat (MF) group was fed a moderate-fat diet (31.5% fat and 50% carbohydrates), the high-fat (HF) group was fed a fat-rich diet (51% fat), the high-sucrose (HS) group and the high-fructose (HFr) group were fed a carbohydrate-rich diet (61%). The carbohydrate contents of the HS group was composed of 60.3% sucrose while that of the HFr group was composed of 59.3% fructose.
RESULTS
At week 16, the HF group had the highest percentage of cells enriched in fat (40%) and the highest weight and liver weight (P < 0.05). The HFr group showed significantly higher levels of serum triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase and adiponectin at week 16 as compared to week 1 (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
The 15 g/rat/day diet composed of 51% fat or 61% carbohydrates enriched mainly in fructose may induce characteristics of NAFLD in rats.

Keyword

Adiponectin; sucrose; triglycerides; fructose; Wistar rats

MeSH Terms

Adiponectin
Alanine Transaminase
Animals
Carbohydrates
Diet*
Fatty Liver*
Fructose
Humans
Liver
Male
Overnutrition
Prevalence
Rats
Rats, Wistar*
Sucrose
Triglycerides
Adiponectin
Alanine Transaminase
Carbohydrates
Fructose
Sucrose
Triglycerides

Figure

  • Fig. 1 Sections of liver in (A) a rat fed the moderate-fat diet (H&E, ×200), (B) area of microvesicular steatosis in a rat fed a high-fat diet (H&E, ×200), and liver of a rat fed a diet rich in (C) sucrose (H&E, ×50), and (D) fructose (H&E, ×100), showing, mild and moderate macrovacuolar steatosis, respectively.

  • Fig. 2 Oil red O stains in red. (A) rare vesicles of steatosis in a rat fed the moderate-fat diet, (B) numerous small vesicles of steatosis in a rat fed the high-fat diet, (C) mild and (D) moderate steatosis in a rat fed a diet rich in sucrose and fructose, respectively (×200).


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