Nutr Res Pract.  2013 Dec;7(6):453-459.

Anti-hyperlipidemic activity of Rhynchosia nulubilis seeds pickled with brown rice vinegar in mice fed a high-fat diet

• Park KM
• Lee SH

Abstract

The abnormal content of blood lipids often results in metabolic diseases, such as hyperlipidemia and obesity. Many agents, including natural sources from traditional food, have been developed to regulate the blood lipid contents. In this study, we examined the anti-hyperlipidemic activity of Rhynchosia nulubilis seeds pickled with brown rice vinegar (RNSpBRV), a Korean traditional pickled soybean food. Since RNSpBRV is made of R. nulubilis seeds (RNS) soaked in brown rice vinegar (BRV), we compared the anti-adipogenic activity between RNS, BRV and solid fraction of RNSpBRV (SF-RNSpBRV), liquid fraction of RNSpBRV (LF-RNSpBRV). For this, the inhibitory effect of lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocyte was checked by adding methanol extracts of mixed RNS and BRV, LF-RNSpBRV, and SF-RNSpBRV. The addition of each methanol extract up to 1 mg/ml showed no cytotoxicity on 3T3-L1 adipocyte, and approximately 20% of the lipid droplet formation was suppressed with the methanol extract of BRL or SF-RNSpBRV. The highest suppression (42.1%) was achieved with LF-RNSpBRV. In addition, mice fed a high fat diet (HFD) supplemented with 5% RNSpBRV powder led to increased high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and lower blood glucose, triglyceride, and total cholesterol compared to mice fed with a HFD diet only. Interestingly, the size of the epididymis cells gradually decreased in HFD + 1% RNSpBRV- and HFD + 5% RNSpBRV-fed mice if compared those of HFD-fed mice. Taken together, these results provide evidence that RNSpBRV has a regulatory role in lipid metabolism that is related to hyperlipidemia.

Keyword

Hyperlipidemia; Rhynchosia nulubilis seeds; brown rice vinegar; high-fat diet; epididymis cell

MeSH Terms

Acetic Acid*
Adipocytes
Animals
Blood Glucose
Cholesterol
Diet
Diet, High-Fat*
Epididymis
Hyperlipidemias
Lipid Metabolism
Lipoproteins
Male
Metabolic Diseases
Methanol
Mice*
Obesity
Soybeans
Triglycerides
Acetic Acid
Blood Glucose
Cholesterol
Lipoproteins
Methanol

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 The anti-adipogenic effect of methanol extract of RNS, BRV, SF-RNSpBRV, and LF-RNSpBRV. (A) 3T3 L1 adipocytes were treated with four types of methanol extracts (102 to 107 ng/ml) for 24 h. Cell viability was measured by an MTT assay. (B) Differentiated 3T3 L1 adipocytes were treated with four types of methanol extracts (0.1 mg/ml and 1 µg/ml) from the start of differentiation. Lipid accumulation rate was compared by calculating the Oil red O staining at OD = 500 nm. RNS and BRV mean Rhynchosia nulubilis seeds and brown rice vineagar respectively. LF and SF are the liquid fraction of RNSpBRV and the solid fraction of RNSpBRV, respectively. Each data value is expressed as the mean ± SE for at least three independent experiments. *P < 0.05 compared with the control.

• 

  Fig. 2 Adipocyte size in ICR mice fed a high-fat diet alone or supplemented with RNSpBRV for 5 weeks. (A) Representative area of epididymal fat tissues of (a) HFD-, (b) HFD+1%RNSpBRV-, and (c) HFD+5%RNSpBRV-fed mice. Epididymal fat tissues were isolated, fixed, and embedded in paraffin. Epididymal fat adipocytes were visualized by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The scale bar represents 200 µm. (B) Epididymal fat adipocyte size was measured by using a microscope and quantified using an image analyzer. More than 100 cells in three representative areas were measured. Each data value is expressed as the mean ± SE. *P < 0.05 compared with the HFD fed mice group.

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